Adipose-derived stem cells seeded on polyglycolic acid for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence

To evaluate the effect and possible mechanism of suburethral tissue-engineered sling in an animal model of stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) were obtained from the adipose tissues of rats. The differentiation potential, proliferation, and viability of rat ADSCs were evaluated after infecting these cells with a lentiviral vector-encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP). Next, GFP transfected ADSCs were seeded on polyglycolic acid (PGA) fibers to construct the tissue-engineered sling with the induction of 5-azacytidine (5-Aza). Afterward, the tissue-engineered slings were transplanted into a rat model of SUI that was established by vaginal balloon dilatation method and bilateral ovariectomy. Histology and the leak point pressure measurements were performed at 2 months after tissue-engineered sling implantation. The ADSCs were found to be efficiently transfected with GFP, without any effects on proliferation, cell cycle and multi-differentiation potential. After been seeded on PGA fibers, ADSCs formed tissue-engineered slings in 4 weeks of induction culture. Two months after implantation, the mean leak point pressure (LPP) was significantly increased in sling-treated rats compared with the balloon-injured ovariectomized rats. Immunofluorescence assay showed that some of the GFP expressing cells stained positive for muscle-specific markers. The newly suburethral tissue-engineered sling restores LPP in the rat model of SUI, which could be an effective treatment in future SUI therapy.