期刊
WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
卷 227, 期 7, 页码 -出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11270-016-2928-6
关键词
Heavy metal accumulation; Nanofertilizer; Rice (Oryza sativa L.); Silicon; Food safety
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41471395, 41171369]
- Plan For Scientific Innovation Talent of Henan Province [154100510010]
- Innovation Team Foundation of Henan University of Science and Technology [2015TTD002]
Silicon (Si) is one of beneficial elements for rice and is considered to enhance plant resistance to toxic metals. Nanofertilizers generally have a smaller particle size and specific characters and behaviors in soil and plants. Thus, nano-Si fertilizers may putatively have an advantage over traditional fertilizers in reducing heavy metal accumulation in rice straws and grains, but their effects still require investigation. Here, using a greenhouse pot culture experiment, we studied the effects of foliar application with organic or inorganic nano-Si on growth and yields, and heavy metal accumulation in six rice cultivars grown in soil artificially polluted with Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn. Generally, hybrid cultivars had higher biomass and yields than conventional cultivars (P < 0.001), and nano-Si showed positive effects on at least four cultivars (P < 0.001). The average spike weight of six cultivars increased to 25.3 and 24.8 %, respectively, by inorganic and organic nano-Si. Hybrid cultivars generally had higher Cd concentrations in roots, shoots, and grains than conventional cultivars. In most cases, both organic and inorganic nano-Si reduced concentrations (P < 0.01) and bio-concentration factor (BCF) of the heavy metals in grains and decreased the translocation factor (TF) of heavy metals from roots to shoots and/or from shoots to grains, and the most pronounced effects were found on Cd. The average grain Cd concentration decreased to 27.1 and 23.8 %, respectively, by inorganic and organic nano-Si. In general, inorganic nano-Si had more pronounced effect than organic nano-Si on both rice growth and heavy metal accumulation. This present study firstly showed that nano-Si had positive effects on the growth and yields of rice grown in multi-metal-polluted soil and potentially reduced heavy metal accumulation in rice, especially the toxic Cd in grains. However, both rice cultivar and chemical form of Si fertilizers should be taken into account to develop efficient nano-Si fertilizers for preventing heavy metal-contaminated rice grains.
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