期刊
ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
卷 42, 期 10, 页码 2391-2400出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2016.06.014
关键词
Ultrasonography; Thyroid gland; Capsules; Thyroid cancer; Papillary
Our purpose was to evaluate the feasibility of using ultrasonographic criteria of thyroid capsular continuity and tumor contour to differentiate macroscopic extra-thyroidal extension (ETE) from microscopic ETE, as well as non-ETE from ETE. On ultrasonography, we evaluated thyroid capsular continuity (C0 = continuous, C1 = discontinuous, C2 = invisible), and thyroid tumor contour (P0 = in normal parenchyma, P1 = abutting, P2 = bulging), which were grouped into type 1-9 classifications. Either C1-2 or P1-2 was more prevalent in ETE than non-ETE. C1 and P2 tended to be associated with macroscopic ETE, whereas C0 and P1 were significantly associated with microscopic ETE. Types 6, 8 and 9 were more likely to have ETE than non-ETE; type 6 (C1 P2) and type 9 (C2 P2) were significantly associated with macroscopic ETE, whereas type 8 (C2 P1) was associated more with microscopic ETE. Macroscopic and microscopic ETE, as well as non-ETE and ETE, can be differentiated using these pre-operative ultrasonographic criteria. (C) 2016 World Federation for Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology.
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