Rab11a sustains GSK3β/Wnt/β-catenin signaling to enhance cancer progression in pancreatic cancer

The Rab family GTPases regulate many major biological processes during tumor progression such as cell proliferation, cytoskeleton organization, cell movement, and invasion. The present study aims to examine the clinical significance, biological roles, and molecular mechanism of Rab11a in pancreatic cancer progression. We examined expression pattern of Rab11a in 96 cases of pancreatic cancer specimens using immunohistochemistry and found Rab11a overexpression correlated with tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage (p = 0.0111). We depleted Rab11a in Bxpc3 cells using small interfering RNA (siRNA) and overexpressed Rab11a in Capan2 cells. Knockdown of Rab11a inhibited cell growth, invasion, and cell cycle progression while its overexpression facilitated cell growth, invasion, and cell cycle progression. In addition, Rab11a overexpression increased gemcitabine resistance and inhibited gemcitabine-induced apoptosis in Capan2 cells while its depletion reduced drug resistance. We investigated the role of Rab11a in the regulation of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling and we demonstrated that Rab11a overexpression upregulated GSK3 beta phosphorylation and nuclear beta-catenin accumulation. Rab11a depletion inhibited while its overexpression enhanced beta-catenin/T-cell factor (TCF) transcriptional activity with corresponding change of Wnt target genes including cyclin D1, cyclin E, MMP7, and c-myc. Wnt inhibitor (FH535) partly attenuated the effects of Rab11a on cell proliferation and Wnt target genes. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that Rab11a promotes aggressiveness of pancreatic cancer through GSK3 beta/Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway.