期刊
TRENDS IN PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES
卷 37, 期 7, 页码 606-617出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2016.04.006
关键词
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资金
- National Research Foundation Singapore
- Singapore Ministry of Education
- Clinician Scientist Individual Research Grant-New Investigator Grant (CS-IRG-NRG) - National Medical Research Council (NMRC) for Validation of Candidate Biomarkers in Plasma for Diagnosis and Prognosis of Lung Cancer
- Clinician Scientist Award (Senior Investigator Category) by the NMRC for Translational Pipeline: Developing novel therapeutics for cancer treatment
Exosomes are extracellular signalosomes that facilitate eukaryotic intercellular communication under a wide range of normal physiological contexts. In malignancies, this regulatory circuit is co-opted to promote cancer cell survival and outgrowth. Tumour-derived exosomes (TDEs) carry a pro-EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition) programme including transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta), caveolin-1, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1 alpha), and beta-catenin that enhances the invasive and migratory capabilities of recipient cells, and contributes to stromal remodelling and premetastatic niche formation. The integrin expression patterns on TDEs appear to dictate their preferential uptake by organ-specific cells, implying a crucial role of this pathway in organotropic metastasis. Through the expression of immunomodulatory molecules such as CD39 and CD73, TDEs modify the immune contexture of the tumour micro environment, which could have implications for immunotherapy. Hence, targeting TDE dysregulation pathways, such as the heparanase/syndecan-1 axis, could represent novel therapeutic strategies in the quest to conquer cancer.
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