期刊
TRENDS IN CELL BIOLOGY
卷 26, 期 9, 页码 640-654出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2016.04.012
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- Division of Intramural Research of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, a member of the National Institutes of Health [Z01 ES065070]
DNA polymerases synthesize DNA in only one direction, but large genomes require RNA priming and bidirectional replication from internal origins. We review here the physical, chemical, and evolutionary constraints underlying these requirements. We then consider the roles of the major eukaryotic replicases, DNA polymerases alpha, delta, and epsilon, in replicating the nuclear genome. Pol alpha has long been known to extend RNA primers at origins and on Okazaki fragments that give rise to the nascent lagging strand. Taken together, more recent results of mutation and ribonucleotide incorporation mapping, electron microscopy, and immunoprecipitation of nascent DNA now lead to a model wherein Pol epsilon and Pol delta, respectively, synthesize the majority of the nascent leading and lagging strands of undamaged DNA.
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