期刊
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART A-POLICY AND PRACTICE
卷 94, 期 -, 页码 672-684出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.tra.2016.10.010
关键词
Equity; Evaluation; Accessibility; Activity-Based Models; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Subjective Well-Being; Multi-Criteria Analysis
资金
- Israel Science Foundation (ISF)
- International Foundation for Education (ISEF)
In this paper, we develop an innovative and comprehensive transport evaluation criterion to better account for equity considerations in transport project evaluation. This work explores transportation benefits from the consumer's perspective to accessibility as a key benefit generated by any transportation project. To assess the full benefits of transportation project implementation for various consumers and calculate the improvement in accessibility, it is best to use Activity-Based Models (ABM). ABMs have two important advantages for equity analysis, which have not been utilized in the literature so far: first, ability to analyze results by various groups of the population; second, these models can utilize the Activity Based Accessibility (ABA) measure to estimate the overall benefits from transport investments and policies. The ABA measure allows one person to have different accessibilities for different choice situations, depending on his/her characteristics. We suggest including social and spatial factors in social welfare assessment by introducing the concept of accessibility gains to key social activities. Specifically, it is suggested to incorporate subjective well-being consideration into a new evaluation framework Equity Benefit Analysis (EBA). we use an alternative measure, Subjective Value of Accessibility gains (SVOA), which is based on the ABM accessibility measure as well as on Subjective Well Being (SWB) measure, as the key benefit taken into account in the evaluation process. The SVOA is not intended to replace the current practice of analyzing equity by comparing various impacts on different groups of the population, but can aid by providing policymakers with a single measure advancing both equity and efficiency considerations and facilitating comparison among alternatives. Initial case study results indicate the SVOA can show higher benefits to policies focusing on the needs of vulnerable social groups that compared traditional measures. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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