期刊
TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO
卷 33, 期 -, 页码 153-162出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2016.03.006
关键词
MCF-7; Flame retardants; Estrogenicity; Endocrine disruption
类别
资金
- 7th EU Framework Programme [264600]
- Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (IWT)
Flame retardants are chemicals that are added to nearly all manufactured materials. Additionally, there has been a steady increase in diseases resulting from endocrine-disruption with an aligned increase in use of chemicals. Given the persistence, potential bioaccumulation, limited toxicological understanding, and vast use of flame retardants, there is a need to investigate potential endocrine-disruptive activity associated with these compounds in an effort for better risk assessment. We therefore used the MCF-7 flow-cytometric proliferation assay in an effort to establish potential estrogen-disrupting effects of twelve currently-used flame retardants. Triphenyl phosphate, tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate, tris(butyl) phosphate, hexabromocyclododecane, and tetrabromobisphenol A showed statistically significant estrogenic activity, with hexabromocyclododecane being the most potent of the five (EC20 of 5.5 mu M). Tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate, tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate, tri(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(butyl) phosphate, hexabromocyclododecane, tetrabromobisphenol A, and tris(2,3,-dibromopropyl) isocyanurate harboured anti-estrogenic activity when co-treating with 17 beta-estradiol, with hexabromocyclododecane showing the highest potency (IC20 of 17.6 mu M). Interestingly, some compounds showed both estrogenic and anti estrogenic effects, indicating both receptor-dependant and-independent mechanisms attributed to some of these compounds, in line with other studies. Multiple currently-used flame retardants may therefore act as xenoestrogens and anti-estrogens, or alter estrogen homeostasis, which could affect endocrine function. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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