A new jump-landing protocol identifies differences in healthy, coper, and unstable ankles in collegiate athletes

Ankle sprains are the most common injury in sport. With stability being an important risk factor for ankle sprains, a jump-landing protocol that can elicit differences in time-to-stabilisation (TTS) is necessary. The objective of this study was to develop a jump-landing protocol that could identify differences in TTS among healthy, 'coper', and unstable ankles of high-level athletes. 61 Division I collegiate athletes (32 females, 29 males; age: 19.9 +/- 1.2 years; height: 176.6 +/- 9.5 cm; mass: 74.3 +/- 10.8 kg) participated in a jump-landing protocol that utilised sporting movements with preparatory steps and a vertical propulsion of the body in two multi-directional jumps. Utilising the landing on a force plate, ground reaction forces were used to quantify TTS. TTS of the unstable group (1.58 +/- 0.62s) was significantly longer than the healthy (1.19 +/- 0.37s; p = 0.050) and 'coper' (1.13 +/- 0.49s; p = 0.019) groups in the forward hops. In addition, TTS of the lateral hops in the unstable group (1.55 +/- 0.63s) was also significantly longer than the healthy (1.14 +/- 0.37s; p = 0.026) and 'coper' (1.15 +/- 0.39s; p = 0.028) groups. This new jump-landing protocol was able to elicit differences in TTS in high-level athletes that were not found using previous protocols. This new jump-landing protocol could be an effective tool to identify injury risk for high-level athletes.