期刊
SOIL USE AND MANAGEMENT
卷 32, 期 3, 页码 329-337出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/sum.12276
关键词
Kale; nitrate leaching; oat; catch crop; lysimeter; cereal; wintering systems
类别
资金
- Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment
- DairyNZ Inc.
- Fonterra
- Beef + Lamb New Zealand
- Dairy Companies Association of New Zealand
Grazing of winter forage crops is a common management option used in the dairy industry of New Zealand, particularly in the South Island, where they are used to feed nonlactating, pregnant dairy cows prior to calving. However, there is concern that the large crop yields per hectare grazed, combined with a high stocking density of cows, lead to large amounts of urinary nitrogen (N) deposited on bare, wet soil that, in turn, could lead to large nitrate leaching losses. We report the results of a simulated winter forage grazing event using field lysimeters planted with a kale (Brassica oleracea L.) crop. The effect of sowing a 'catch crop' of oat (Avena sativa L.) following the simulated winter forage grazing on nitrate leaching losses from urine applied at different times throughout the winter was measured. A catch crop sown between 1 and 63 days after the urine deposition in early winter reduced N leaching losses from urine patches by similar to 34% on average (range: 19-49%) over the winter-spring period compared with no catch crop. Generally, the sooner the catch crop was sown following the crop harvest, the greater the uptake of N by the catch crop and the greater the reduction in nitrate leaching losses. The results indicate that sowing of a catch crop following winter crop grazing could be an effective management strategy to reduce nitrate leaching as well as increase the N-use efficiency of dairy winter forage grazing systems.
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