期刊
SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL
卷 80, 期 1, 页码 55-63出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.2136/sssaj2015.06.0217
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资金
- KAKENHI from The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, Japan [22380046]
- Steel Foundation for Environmental Protection Technology (Tokyo, Japan)
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [26292126, 22380046] Funding Source: KAKEN
The objective of this study was to investigate the role of S impurity in zerovalent iron (ZVI) on the chemical speciation and solubility of Cd in the reduced soils. Two types of ZVI with contrastingly different S levels (0.009 and 1.08%) were used to find how the solubility and speciation of Cd would be influenced by the S impurity in ZVIs. Synchrotron-based X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy was used to determine the relative proportion of CdS and other species in the Cd-spiked soils amended with ZVIs with different S levels (hereafter low-and high-S ZVIs). Microscale distribution and speciation of Cd at the interface between ZVI and soil particles were investigated using micro-X-ray fluorescence (m-XRF) and micro-XAFS (m-XAFS) spectroscopy. The difference in S contents in ZVIs did not affect the soil solution Cd concentrations, but a significant decrease in exchangeable Cd was found in the soil with added high-S ZVI. Linear combination fitting (LCF) on Cd K-edge XAFS spectra of bulk soils determined up to 16% CdS in the reduced soils amended with ZVIs. The m-XRF map of the soil amended with high-S ZVI showed that the spots with S accumulation were discretely distributed on the ZVI, and some S accumulating areas corresponded to Cd localization. The LCF on Cd K-edge m-XAFS spectra for selected soil particles revealed that the proportion of CdS ranged from 20 to 87% (avg. 53 +/- 22%) in the soil with low-S ZVI and from 64 to 98% (avg. 84 +/- 14%) in the soil with high-S ZVI. A higher S content in ZVI, and probably in other amendments, decreases labile Cd fractions and enhances CdS formation in reduced soils.
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