期刊
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
卷 557, 期 -, 页码 268-275出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.053
关键词
PPCPs; Freshwater lake; Enantiomer composition; Emerging contaminants; Risk assessment
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21577075, 21207076]
- Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program [20131089193]
- Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University [IRT1261]
Twenty commonly used pharmaceuticals including eight chiral drugs were investigated in Dongting Lake, China. The contamination level was relatively low on a global scale. Twelve pharmaceuticals were identified. The most abundant compound was caffeine followed by diclofenac, DEET, mefenamic acid, fluoxetine, ibuprofen and carbamazepine with mean concentrations from 2.0 to 80.8 ng L-1. Concentrations between East and West Dongting Lake showed spatial difference, with the West Dongting Lake less polluted. The relatively high ratio of caffeine versus carbamazepine (over 50) may indicate there was possible direct discharge of domestic wastewater into the lake. This is the first study presenting a survey allowing for comprehensive analysis of multiclass achiral and chiral pharmaceuticals including beta-blockers, antidepressants and anti-inflammatory drugs in freshwater lake. The enantiomeric compositions presented racemic to weakly enantioselective, with the highest enantiomeric fraction (EF) of 0.63 for fluoxetine. Meanwhile, venlafaxine was identified and evaluated the environment risk in surface water in China for the first time. The results of risk assessment suggested that fluoxetine, venlafaxine and diclofenac acid might pose a significant risk to aquatic organisms in Dongting Lake. The resulting data will be useful to enrich the research of emerging pollutants in freshwater lake and stereochemistry for environment investigations. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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