期刊
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
卷 571, 期 -, 页码 819-825出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.056
关键词
PIRI; EPRIP; Insecticides; Fungicides; Field monitoring
资金
- Australia Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) [LWR1/2004/069]
- South Australian Centre for Natural Resource Management (CNRM)
- Australian National Landcare Program (NLP)
Two pesticide risk indicators, Pesticide Impact Rating Index (PIRI) and Environmental Potential Risk Indicator for Pesticides (EPRIP), were used to determine the likelihood of off-site transport to surface water of pesticides used in a cherry (Prunus avium cultivars) and an apple (Malus domestics cultivars) orchard. The predictions of off-site transport of some of the pesticides were verified against actual pesticide concentrations in surface water continuously monitored over two years. To our knowledge, only one other study in the published literature has attempted this. Of the chemicals monitored there was good agreement between the predictions and the field measurements from the apple orchard, but less so for the cherry orchard. In both risk indicators the attenuation factor based on the width of the buffer strip over-estimated the effectiveness of the buffer strip. There was good agreement between the EPRIP and PIRI risk assessment except for ethephon which EPRIP rated a higher risk than PIRI and dithianon which EPRIP rated a lower risk than PIRI. A strong correlation was found between the field observations and the EPRIP predicted environmental concentrations for the majority of cases. This study showed that even simple risk indicators (e.g. PIRI and EPRIP) can be good predictors for a first tier risk assessment of pesticide transport to neighbouring water bodies. Crown Copyright (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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