期刊
SCIENCE
卷 351, 期 6276, 页码 953-957出版社
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.aad9041
关键词
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资金
- Army Research Office Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Optical Lattice Emulator
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research
- Multi University Research Initiative
- Office of Naval Research Defense University Research Instrumentation Program
- NSF
- Harvard Quantum Optics Center
- Swiss National Foundation
- Division Of Physics
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1125846] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
The complexity of quantum many-body systems originates from the interplay of strong interactions, quantum statistics, and the large number of quantum-mechanical degrees of freedom. Probing these systems on a microscopic level with single-site resolution offers important insights. Here we report site-resolved imaging of two-component fermionic Mott insulators, metals, and band insulators, using ultracold atoms in a square lattice. For strong repulsive interactions, we observed two-dimensional Mott insulators containing over 400 atoms. For intermediate interactions, we observed a coexistence of phases. From comparison to theory, we find trap-averaged entropies per particle of 1.0 times the Boltzmann constant (k(B)). In the band insulator, we find local entropies as low as 0.5 k(B). Access to local observables will aid the understanding of fermionic many-body systems in regimes inaccessible by modern theoretical methods.
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