期刊
SCIENCE
卷 354, 期 6316, 页码 1119-1124出版社
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.aaf2649
关键词
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资金
- CERN
- N8 consortium
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/K000225/1]
- European Commission Seventh Framework Programme [Marie Curie Initial Training Network CLOUD-ITN] [215072]
- European Commission Seventh Framework Programme [Marie Curie Initial Training Network CLOUD-TRAIN] [316662]
- European Research Council (ERC) [5736, 227463]
- German Federal Ministry of Education and Research [01LK0902A, 01LK1222A]
- Swiss National Science Foundation [200020 135307, 206620 141278]
- Academy of Finland (Center of Excellence) [1118615, 135054, 133872, 251427, 139656, 139995, 137749, 141217, 141451, 138951]
- Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation
- V.is.l. Foundation
- Nessling Foundation
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [J3198-N21]
- Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology [CERN/FP/116387/2010]
- Swedish Research Council
- Vetenskapsradet [2011-5120]
- Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- Russian Foundation for Basic Research [08-02-91006-CERN, 12-02-91522-CERN]
- U.S. National Science Foundation [AGS1136479, AGS1447056, AGC1439551, CHE1012293]
- U.S. Department of Energy [DE-SC0014469]
- PEGASOS (Pan-European Gas-Aerosol-Climate Interaction Study) project - European Commission under Framework Programme 7 [FP7-ENV-2010-265148]
- Davidow Foundation
- Natural Environment Research Council project GASSP (Global Aerosol Synthesis and Science Project) [NE/J024252/1]
- Royal Society Wolfson Merit Award
- Div Atmospheric & Geospace Sciences
- Directorate For Geosciences [1439551, 1447056] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/K000225/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- Natural Environment Research Council [NE/J024252/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- EPSRC [EP/K000225/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- NERC [NE/J024252/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC0014469] Funding Source: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
Fundamental questions remain about the origin of newly formed atmospheric aerosol particles because data from laboratory measurements have been insufficient to build global models. In contrast, gas-phase chemistry models have been based on laboratory kinetics measurements for decades. We built a global model of aerosol formation by using extensive laboratory measurements of rates of nucleation involving sulfuric acid, ammonia, ions, and organic compounds conducted in the CERN CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving Outdoor Droplets) chamber. The simulations and a comparison with atmospheric observations show that nearly all nucleation throughout the present-day atmosphere involves ammonia or biogenic organic compounds, in addition to sulfuric acid. A considerable fraction of nucleation involves ions, but the relatively weak dependence on ion concentrations indicates that for the processes studied, variations in cosmic ray intensity do not appreciably affect climate through nucleation in the present-day atmosphere.
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