期刊
SCIENCE
卷 353, 期 6295, 页码 158-162出版社
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.aaf4292
关键词
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资金
- Harvard Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences [UH3TR000522]
- Los Almos National Laboratory under prime DTRA contract [312659, DE-AC52-06NA25396]
- National Science Foundation (NSF) [EFRI-0938043]
- NSF Materials Research Science and Engineering Center [DMR-1420570]
- Office of Naval Research Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative grant [N000141410533]
- Swiss National Science Foundation
- MacArthur Foundation
- Radcliffe Institute
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2013K1A4A3055268]
- U.S. Army Research Laboratory and Office [W911NF-12-2-0036]
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2013K1A4A3055268] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
Inspired by the relatively simple morphological blueprint provided by batoid fish such as stingrays and skates, we created a biohybrid system that enables an artificial animal-a tissue-engineered ray-to swim and phototactically follow a light cue. By patterning dissociated rat cardiomyocytes on an elastomeric body enclosing a microfabricated gold skeleton, we replicated fish morphology at 1/10 scale and captured basic fin deflection patterns of batoid fish. Optogenetics allows for phototactic guidance, steering, and turning maneuvers. Optical stimulation induced sequential muscle activation via serpentine-patterned muscle circuits, leading to coordinated undulatory swimming. The speed and direction of the ray was controlled by modulating light frequency and by independently eliciting right and left fins, allowing the biohybrid machine to maneuver through an obstacle course.
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