期刊
QUANTUM INFORMATION PROCESSING
卷 16, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11128-016-1467-9
关键词
Fermionic state; Reduced density matrix; Tracing out modes; Tracing out particles; Spectrum; Equispectrality; Superselection rule; Generalized Pauli constraints
资金
- Russian Science Foundation [14-21-00162, 16-11-00084]
- Russian Foundation for Basic Research [16-37-60070 mol_a_dk]
- Russian Science Foundation [16-11-00084, 17-21-00012] Funding Source: Russian Science Foundation
We consider pure fermionic states with a varying number of quasiparticles and analyze two types of reduced density operators: one is obtained via tracing out modes, the other is obtained via tracing out particles. We demonstrate that spectra of mode-reduced states are not identical in general and fully characterize pure states with equispectral mode-reduced states. Such states are related via local unitary operations with states satisfying the parity superselection rule. Thus, valid purifications for fermionic density operators are found. To get particle-reduced operators for a general system, we introduce the operation Phi(rho) = Sigma(i)a(i)rho a(i)(dagger). We conjecture that spectra of Phi(p)(rho) and conventional p-particle reduced density matrix rho(p) coincide. Non-trivial generalized Pauli constraints are derived for states satisfying the parity superselection rule.
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