期刊
PROGRESS IN RETINAL AND EYE RESEARCH
卷 53, 期 -, 页码 70-106出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2016.04.008
关键词
Retinal drusen; Macular degeneration; Retinal dystrophy
资金
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital National Health Service Foundation Trust
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (UK)
- Research to Prevent Blindness USA
- Fight for Sight (UK)
- Foundation Fighting Blindness (FFB, USA)
- Retinitis Pigmentosa Fighting Blindness (UK)
- FFB
- NIHR Rare Disease Fellowship
- National Institute for Health Research Rare Diseases Translational Research Collaboration (NIHR RD-TRC)
- Fight for Sight [1409/10] Funding Source: researchfish
- National Institute for Health Research [CL-2011-17-501] Funding Source: researchfish
Drusen are discussed frequently in the context of their association with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Some types may, however, be regarded as a normal consequence of ageing; others may be observed in young age groups. They also occur in a number of inherited disorders and some systemic conditions. Whilst drusen are classically located external (sclerad) to the retinal pigment epithelium, accumulations of material internal (vitread to) this layer can display a drusen-like appearance, having been variously termed pseudodrusen or subretinal drusenoid deposits. This review first briefly presents an overview of drusen biogenesis and subclinical deposit. The (frequently overlapping) subtypes of clinically detectable deposit, seen usually in the context of ageing or AMD, are then described in more detail, together with appearance on imaging modalities: these include hard and soft drusen, cuticular drusen, reticular pseudodrusen and ghost drusen. Eye disorders other than AMD which may exhibit drusen or drusen-like features are subsequently discussed: these include monogenic conditions as well as conditions with undefined inheritance, the latter including some types of early onset drusen such as large colloid drusen. A number of systemic conditions in which drusen-like deposits may be seen are also considered. Throughout this review, high resolution images are presented for most of the conditions discussed, particularly the rarer ones, providing a useful reference library for images of the range of conditions associated with drusen-like appearances. In the final section, some common themes are highlighted, as well as a brief discussion of some future avenues for research. Crown Copyright (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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