期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
卷 113, 期 39, 页码 10797-10801出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1605941113
关键词
brain magnetite; magnetite pollution particles; Alzheimer's disease; combustion-derived nanoparticles; airborne particulate matter
资金
- University of Leeds Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
- Manchester Brain Bank by Alzheimer's Research UK
- Alzheimer's Society through Brains for Dementia Research initiative
- Medical Research Council
- EPSRC [EP/I00419X/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/I00419X/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- Natural Environment Research Council [ceh010010] Funding Source: researchfish
Biologically formed nanoparticles of the strongly magnetic mineral, magnetite, were first detected in the human brain over 20 y ago [Kirschvink JL, Kobayashi-Kirschvink A, Woodford BJ (1992) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89(16):7683-7687]. Magnetite can have potentially large impacts on the brain due to its unique combination of redox activity, surface charge, and strongly magnetic behavior. We used magnetic analyses and electron microscopy to identify the abundant presence in the brain of magnetite nanoparticles that are consistent with high-temperature formation, suggesting, therefore, an external, not internal, source. Comprising a separate nanoparticle population from the euhedral particles ascribed to endogenous sources, these brain magnetites are often found with other transition metal nanoparticles, and they display rounded crystal morphologies and fused surface textures, reflecting crystallization upon cooling from an initially heated, iron-bearing source material. Such high-temperature magnetite nanospheres are ubiquitous and abundant in airborne particulate matter pollution. They arise as combustion-derived, iron-rich particles, often associated with other transition metal particles, which condense and/or oxidize upon airborne release. Those magnetite pollutant particles which are
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