期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
卷 113, 期 49, 页码 14133-14138出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1601513113
关键词
nitrogen-vacancy center; magnetometry; action potential; neuron
资金
- Grass Foundation
- Harvard Center for Brain Science
- Fannie and John Hertz Foundation Graduate Fellowship
- National Science Foundation (NSF) [1122374]
- Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Quantum Assisted Sensing and Readout (DARPA QuASAR) program
- Army Research Office Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative (ARO MURI) biological transduction program
- NSF
- Smithsonian Institution
- Division Of Physics
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1125846] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Div Of Electrical, Commun & Cyber Sys
- Directorate For Engineering [1408075] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Magnetic fields from neuronal action potentials (APs) pass largely unperturbed through biological tissue, allowing magnetic measurements of AP dynamics to be performed extracellularly or even outside intact organisms. To date, however, magnetic techniques for sensing neuronal activity have either operated at the macroscale with coarse spatial and/ or temporal resolution-e. g., magnetic resonance imaging methods and magnetoencephalography-or been restricted to biophysics studies of excised neurons probed with cryogenic or bulky detectors that do not provide single-neuron spatial resolution and are not scalable to functional networks or intact organisms. Here, we show that AP magnetic sensing can be realized with both single-neuron sensitivity and intact organism applicability using optically probed nitrogen-vacancy (NV) quantum defects in diamond, operated under ambient conditions and with the NV diamond sensor in close proximity (similar to 10 mu m) to the biological sample. We demonstrate this method for excised single neurons from marine worm and squid, and then exterior to intact, optically opaque marine worms for extended periods and with no observed adverse effect on the animal. NV diamond magnetometry is noninvasive and label-free and does not cause photodamage. The method provides precise measurement of AP waveforms from individual neurons, as well as magnetic field correlates of the AP conduction velocity, and directly determines the AP propagation direction through the inherent sensitivity of NVs to the associated AP magnetic field vector.
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