Three new oleanane-type triterpene saponins from Atractylis flava

Three new bidesmosidic saponins (1-3), along with thirteen known metabolites consisting of two flavonoids and eleven triterpenoids were identified in dichloromethane and n-butanol extracts of the whole plant Atractylis flava Desf. The saponins were characterized as 3-O-[b-D-glucuronopyranosyl]-28-O-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 -> 4)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 -> 2)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl]-16 alpha-hydroxygypsogenic acid (1), 3-O-[beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl]-28-O-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 -> 4)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1 -> 2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl]-16 alpha-hydroxygypsogenic acid (2), and 3-O-[beta-D-galactopyranosyl(1 -> 2)-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl]-28-O-[((3-O-acetyl)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl)-(1 -> 4)-((2-O-acetyl)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-(1 -> 2)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl]-quillaic acid (3). Structures of all isolated compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR (H-1, C-13, COSY, HSQC, TOCSY, HSQC-TOCSY, HMBC, ROESY and NOESY), high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HRESIMS), acid hydrolysis, measurement of optical rotation and comparison with literature data. (C) 2015 Phytochemical Society of Europe. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.