期刊
PHYSIOLOGICAL GENOMICS
卷 48, 期 3, 页码 210-219出版社
AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00117.2015
关键词
maximal exercise test; (V) over doto(2max); adolescents; genetics
资金
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [RO1DK-092127]
- Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research Grant [022.003.010]
Large individual differences exist in aerobic fitness in childhood and adolescence, but the relative contribution of genetic factors to this variation remains to be established. In a sample of adolescent twins and siblings (n = 479), heart rate (HR) and maximal oxygen uptake ((V) over doto(2max)) were recorded during the climax of a graded maximal exercise test. In addition, (V) over doto(2max) was predicted in two graded sub-maximal exercise tests on the cycle ergometer and the treadmill, using extrapolation of the HR/(V) over doto(2max) curve to the predicted HRmax. Heritability estimates for measured (V) over doto(2max) were 60% in ml/min and 55% for (V) over doto(2max) in ml.min(-1).kg(-1). Phenotypic correlations between measured (V) over doto(2max) and predicted (V) over doto(2max) from either submaximal treadmill or cycle ergometer tests were modest (0.57 < r < 0.70), in part because of the poor agreement between predicted and actual HRmax. The majority of this correlation was explained by genetic factors; therefore, the submaximal exercise tests still led to very comparable estimates of heritability of (V) over doto(2max). To arrive at a robust estimate for the heritability of (V) over doto(2max) in children to young adults, a sample size weighted meta-analysis was performed on all extant twin and sibling studies in this age range. Eight studies, including the current study, were meta-analyzed and resulted in a weighted heritability estimate of 59% (ml/min) and 72% (ml.min(-1).kg(-1)) for (V) over doto(2max). Taken together, the twin-sibling study and meta-analyses showed that from childhood to early adulthood genetic factors determine more than half of the individual differences in (V) over doto(2max).
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