The interactive biotic and abiotic processes of DDT transformation under dissimilatory iron-reducing conditions

The objective of the study was to elucidate the biotic and abiotic processes under dissimilatory iron reducing conditions involved in reductive dechlorination and iron reduction. DDT transformation was investigated in cultures of Shewanella putrefaciens 200 with/without alpha-FeOOH. A modified first-order kinetics model was developed and described DDT transformation well. Both the alpha-FeOOH reduction rate and the dechlorination rate of DDT were positively correlated to the biomass. Addition of alpha-FeOOH enhanced reductive dechlorination of DDT by favoring the cell survival and generating Fen which was absorbed on the surface of bacteria and iron oxide. 92% of the absorbed Fe-II was Na-acetate (1 M) extractable. However, alpha-FeOOH also played a negative role of competing for electrons as reflected by the dechlorination rate of DDT was inhibited when increasing the alpha-FeOOH from 1 g L-1 to 5 g L-1. DDT was measured to be toxic to S. putrefaciens 200. The metabolites DDD, DDE and DDMU were recalcitrant to S. putrefaciens 200. The results suggested that iron oxide was not the key factor to promote the dissipation of DDX (DDT and the metabolites), whereas the one-electron reduction potential (E-1) of certain organochlorines is the main factor and that the E-1 higher than the threshold of the reductive driving forces of DIRB probably ensures the occur of reductive dechlorination. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.