Phytochemical screening and anti-inflammatory properties of Algerian Hertia cheirifolia methanol extract

Context:Hertia cheirifolia L. (Asteraceae) is traditionally used in Northern Africa to treat various inflammatory infections. However, few studies on this plant have been reported.Objective: The anti-inflammatory activity of methanol extract of H. cheirifolia leaves was investigated using different experimental models.Materials and methods: Phytochemical analysis was performed to determine phenolic compounds. Acute toxicity of the extract (2000mg/kg) was examined in Swiss albino mice for 14 days, before croton oil-induced ear oedema in mice, carrageenan-induced paw oedema in Swiss albino rats, cotton pellet-induced granuloma in rats and carrageenan-induced air pouch in mice were conducted. The IL-1 and TNF- release from concanavalin A-stimulated monocytes was measured by ELISA.Results: Methanol extract of H. cheirifolia is rich in polyphenols and flavonoids. Cinnamic acid and rutin represent the major constituents. Methanol extract up to 2000mg/kg did not produce any toxic effects. Topical application of 2mg/ear of the extract produced 78.7% of inhibition on ear swilling. Oral pre-treatment of rats with 200 and 400mg/kg of the extract inhibited paw oedema by 70% and 89%, respectively. At 200mg/kg, granuloma dry and wet weights were reduced by 41.85% and 61.72%, respectively. Moreover, the treatment with methanol extract at 1mg/kg exerted 62.7% of inhibition on leucocytes migrated into the ear pouch. TNF- and IL-1 release was reduced by 69% and 78%, respectively, with 1g/mL of the extract.Conclusion: Methanol extract of H. cheirifolia possesses a strong anti-inflammatory activity and may be considered an interesting source of effective anti-inflammatory compounds.