期刊
OCEAN ENGINEERING
卷 112, 期 -, 页码 320-334出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2015.12.028
关键词
Wind-wave hindcasts; Reanalysis assessment; Extreme events; North Atlantic Ocean
资金
- European Union [SCP8-GA-2009-24175]
- Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT-Fundacao Portuguesa para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia) [EXPL/AAG-MAA/1001/2013]
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [EXPL/AAG-MAA/1001/2013] Funding Source: FCT
Two pairs of comparisons between HIPOCAS and ERA reanalysis are performed in this paper. HIPOCAS is a hindcast developed under a European project and it is the result of the wave model WAM forced by REMO surface winds in the North Atlantic. ERA-40 and ERA-Interim were developed by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, ECMWF, adopting the wave model WAM, covering the whole globe. A quick introductory comparison of HIPOCAS against ERA-40 is initially provided, which are hindcasts produced almost at the same time with common features. The main analysis covers a detailed comparison of HIPOCAS and ERA-Interim, which can be considered an update of ERA-40, followed by a comparison of both datasets against satellite data. Wind speed and significant wave height are the two variables considered. In order to compare the described wind and wave datasets, a common period and area were defined, with latitudes between 20 degrees and 68 degrees North and longitudes between 50 degrees and 0 degrees West, from 1979 till 2001. The differences for the whole dataset and for extreme events (upper percentiles) are calculated. A spatial and time integration is applied to determine where and when the main differences between hindcasts occur. The results show a relatively good agreement between HIPOCAS and both ERA 40 and ERA-Interim reanalysis for calm and moderate weather conditions. There is a large increase of the differences under extreme conditions, occurring mainly during the winter at mid-high latitudes. ERA Interim presents the best results against measurements but suggests some underestimation under extreme events at mid-high latitudes. HIPOCAS tends to overestimate the measurements and over predict both ERA reanalyses in the range of extreme values. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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