MHD Flow and Heat Transfer of Water-Based Nanofluid Passing a Permeable Exponentially Shrinking Sheet with Thermal Radiation

The key objective of the present study is to elaborate the concept of boundary layer flow and heat transfer of magnetohydrodynamics namely Cu-water nanofluid flow towards an exponentially shrinking sheet with aid of mathematical modeling and computation. The present mathematical model is investigated under the influence of thermal radiation and suction. Using exponential form of similarity variables, the system of partial differential equations (PDEs) are converted in to a set of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The resulting nonlinear ODEs are computationally solved by using a two-point boundary value problem numerical technique, which constitutes with common finite difference method. The influence of physical parameters such as magnetic field parameter, Eckert number, suction parameter, radiation parameter are described in details with the help of graphical demonstration of velocity and temperature distributions, coefficient of skin friction and rate of heat transfer. Computational results reveal that after suspension of nanoparticles into base fluid as water fluid temperature raised significantly compare to that of pure fluid. It is also observed that for rising values of magnetic field parameter, thermal radiation, particles volume fraction fluid temperature distribution significantly improved; whereas opposite phenomena is true for suction parameter and Prandtl number. The rate of heat transfer accelerated with Eckert number, Prandtl number, while coefficient of skin friction boost with thermal radiation parameter. For verifying purposes, a comparison has been shown between present results and the computational results of previous studies and found a very close agreement.

Automated summary

The present study focuses on the boundary layer flow and heat transfer of magnetohydrodynamics Cu-water nanofluid flow over an exponentially shrinking sheet. A mathematical model and computational analysis are conducted, considering the effects of thermal radiation and suction. The system of partial differential equations is transformed into a set of ordinary differential equations using exponential form of similarity variables. The influence of various physical parameters on velocity and temperature distributions, skin friction coefficient, and heat transfer rate is demonstrated using graphical representations. The results show that the addition of nanoparticles in the base fluid significantly increases the fluid temperature, and increasing magnetic field and radiation parameters enhance the temperature distribution. Conversely, the suction parameter and Prandtl number have an opposite effect. The heat transfer rate is accelerated by the Eckert number and Prandtl number, while the skin friction coefficient is affected by the thermal radiation parameter. The comparison with previous computational results shows a close agreement.