期刊
NEW PHYTOLOGIST
卷 213, 期 4, 页码 1945-1955出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/nph.14327
关键词
C3 and C4 grasses; climate change effects; flowering time; functional trait; herbarium records; water-limited ecoregions
资金
- US Geological Survey Ecosystems Mission Area
- National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center
center dot The capacity of grass species to alter their reproductive timing across space and through time can indicate their ability to cope with environmental variability and help predict their future performance under climate change. center dot We determined the long-term (1895-2013) relationship between flowering times of grass species and climate in space and time using herbarium records across ecoregions of the western USA. center dot There was widespread concordance of C-3 grasses accelerating flowering time and general delays for C-4 grasses with increasing mean annual temperature, with the largest changes for annuals and individuals occurring in more northerly, wetter ecoregions. Flowering time was delayed for most grass species with increasing mean annual precipitation across space, while phenology-precipitation relationships through time were more mixed. center dot Our results suggest that the phenology of most grass species has the capacity to respond to increases in temperature and altered precipitation expected with climate change, but weak relationships for some species in time suggest that climate tracking via migration or adaptation may be required. Divergence in phenological responses among grass functional types, species, and ecoregions suggests that climate change will have unequal effects across the western USA.
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