期刊
NEUROIMAGE
卷 143, 期 -, 页码 378-386出版社
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.09.004
关键词
Developmental dyslexia; Arcuate fascicle; Cortical thickness; Quantitative T1; Diffusion-weighted imaging; Reading
资金
- Max Planck Society
- Fraunhofer Society [M.FE.A.NEPF0001]
- EU through 'HiMR' Marie Curie ITN [FP7-PEOPLE-ITN-316716]
Background: Recent studies suggest that neurobiological anomalies are already detectable in pre-school children with a family history of developmental dyslexia (DD). However, there is a lack of longitudinal studies showing a direct link between those differences at a preliterate age and the subsequent literacy difficulties seen in school. It is also not clear whether the prediction of DD in pre-school children can be significantly improved when considering neurobiological predictors, compared to models based on behavioral literacy precursors only. Methods: We recruited 53 pre-reading children either with (N=25) or without a family risk of DD (N=28). Quantitative T1 MNI data and literacy precursor abilities were assessed at kindergarten age. A subsample of 35 children was tested for literacy skills either one or two years later, that is, either in first or second grade. Results: The group comparison of quantitative T1 measures revealed significantly higher Tl intensities in the left anterior arcuate fascicle (AF), suggesting reduced myelin concentration in preliterate children at risk of DD. A logistic regression showed that DD can be predicted significantly better (p=.024) when neuroanatomical differences between groups are used as predictors (80%) compared to a model based on behavioral predictors only (63%). The Wald statistic confirmed that the Tl intensity of the left AF is a statistically significant predictor of DD (p <.05). Conclusions: Our longitudinal results provide evidence for the hypothesis that neuroanatomical anomalies in children with a family risk of DD are related to subsequent problems in acquiring literacy. Particularly, solid white matter organization in the left anterior arcuate fascicle seems to play a pivotal role. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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