Rosemarinic acid protects β-cell from STZ-induced cell damage via modulating NF-κβ pathway

Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Bcl-2 Family Members and the Mitochondrial Import Machineries: The Roads to Death

Lisenn Lalier et al.

Summary: This review examines the role of mitochondrial import machineries in the localization of Bcl-2 family members and how these machineries regulate the function of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins in resting and apoptotic cells.

BIOMOLECULES (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Medicinal

Biomedical features and therapeutic potential of rosmarinic acid

Saba Noor et al.

Summary: Rosmarinic acid (RA), a bioactive phenolic compound commonly found in plants, has been shown to have multiple therapeutic benefits and potential clinical applications in various human diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. Additionally, its high antioxidant capacity makes it a potential nutraceutical compound in the food industry.

ARCHIVES OF PHARMACAL RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Carnosic Acid Protects INS-1 β-Cells against Streptozotocin-Induced Damage by Inhibiting Apoptosis and Improving Insulin Secretion and Glucose Uptake

Waseem El-Huneidi et al.

Summary: The study found that carnosic acid (CA), a natural polyphenolic diterpene, can protect pancreatic beta-cells from damage induced by streptozotocin (STZ). CA exerts its protective effects by modulating different pathways, including the Pi3K/AKT/PDX-1/insulin pathway and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis.

MOLECULES (2022)

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Review Immunology

NF-?B: blending metabolism, immunity, and inflammation

Daria Capece et al.

Summary: This review discusses the central role of NF-KB transcription factors in the immune and metabolic systems, and how their understanding can lead to better diagnostics and therapeutics for human diseases.

TRENDS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Biology

Reduced Retinoic Acid Receptor Beta (Rarβ) Affects Pancreatic β-Cell Physiology

Anila Khalique et al.

Summary: Vitamin A receptor RARβ plays a crucial role in insulin secretion and pancreatic beta-cell function, as silencing RARβ can impair insulin secretion and increase reactive oxygen species production. This may be linked to the development of type 2 diabetes.

BIOLOGY-BASEL (2022)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Anxiolytic and antidepressive potentials of rosmarinic acid: A review with a focus on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects

Abdelkader Dahchour

Summary: Depression and anxiety are major neuropsychiatric disorders. Traditional drugs used to treat these disorders have limited effectiveness and numerous side effects. This review explores the potential of using rosmarinic acid, a natural compound, as an alternative therapy. Studies have shown that rosmarinic acid has beneficial effects on anxiety and depression, potentially due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Glucose Metabolism Disorder in Diabetic Pancreatic β-Cells

Eri Mukai et al.

Summary: The dysfunction of pancreatic beta-cells is crucial in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus, characterized by impaired glucose stimulation and reduced ATP production. High glucose metabolism leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species in mitochondria, which affects beta-cells due to low expression of antioxidant enzymes. Activating the antioxidant defense factor Nrf2 may improve beta-cell dysfunction caused by ROS.

BIOMOLECULES (2022)

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Review Plant Sciences

Rosmarinic Acid-Human Pharmacokinetics and Health Benefits

Maja Hitl et al.

Summary: Rosmarinic acid, a phenolic compound commonly found in Lamiaceae plants, has various biological and pharmacological activities and beneficial health effects when ingested orally. Metabolized mainly by gut microflora and excreted through the kidneys, herbal remedies containing this compound have shown positive effects in skin diseases, allergies, and osteoarthritis. Future studies should focus on the long-term dynamics of its application in patients.

PLANTA MEDICA (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The Role of Oxidative Stress in Pancreatic β Cell Dysfunction in Diabetes

Natsuki Eguchi et al.

Summary: Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by inappropriately elevated glucose levels due to impaired pancreatic beta cell function and insulin resistance. Studies have shown that endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress play central roles in promoting beta cell dysfunction, with oxidative stress particularly important as beta cells exhibit lower antioxidative capacity. Efforts are being made to understand and counteract the effects of oxidative stress on beta cell health and survival.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Copine 3 CPNE3 is a novel regulator for insulin secretion and glucose uptake in pancreatic β-cells

Waseem El-Huneidi et al.

Summary: The study revealed that CPNE3 plays a crucial role in maintaining normal beta-cell function, with its silencing impairing insulin secretion and beta-cell function. This finding suggests CPNE3 as a potential new target for future management of type 2 diabetes therapy.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

A Brief Review of the Mechanisms of β-Cell Dedifferentiation in Type 2 Diabetes

Phyu-Phyu Khin et al.

Summary: Research suggests that the failure of beta-cell function in type 2 diabetes is primarily due to inadequate cell differentiation rather than increased cell death. Understanding the process of beta-cell dedifferentiation may help identify new therapeutic targets for preventing and reversing beta-cell loss.

NUTRIENTS (2021)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

The β Cell in Diabetes: Integrating Biomarkers With Functional Measures

Steven E. Kahn et al.

Summary: This review discusses the potential utility of biomarkers related to islet β-cells in diabetes, including genetic markers, circulating molecules, immune cell phenotyping, and imaging approaches. It also considers how these biomarkers complement the traditional measurements of β-cell secretory function.

ENDOCRINE REVIEWS (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The Coffee Diterpene, Kahweol, Ameliorates Pancreatic β-Cell Function in Streptozotocin (STZ)-Treated Rat INS-1 Cells through NF-kB and p-AKT/Bcl-2 Pathways

Waseem El-Huneidi et al.

Summary: The study demonstrated that kahweol has anti-diabetic properties on pancreatic beta-cells, suppressing STZ-induced apoptosis, increasing insulin secretion and glucose uptake. This effect may be mediated through the regulation of several proteins involved in cell survival and antioxidant pathways.

MOLECULES (2021)

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Review Medicine, Research & Experimental