Epitope mapping of Acinetobacter baumannii outer membrane protein W (OmpW) and laboratory study of an OmpW-derivative peptide

Outer membrane protein W (OmpW) is a less-known A. baumannii antigen with potential immunogenic properties. The epitopes of this protein are not well-identified yet. Therefore, in the present study, B-and T-cell epitopes of A. baumannii OmpW were found using comprehensive in silico and partially in vitro studies. The T-cell (both class-I and class-II) and B-cell (both linear and conformational) epitopes were predicted and screened through many bioinformatics approaches including the prediction of IFN-& gamma; production, immunogenicity, toxicity, allergenicity, human similarity, and clustering. A single 15-mer epitopic peptide containing a linear B-cell and both classes of T-cell epitopes were found and used for further assays. For in vitro assays, patient-and healthy control-derived peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stimulated with the 15-mer peptide, Phytohemagglutinin, or medium alone, and cell proliferation and IFN-& gamma; production assays were performed. The bioinformatics studies led to mapping OmpW epitopes and introducing a 15-mer peptide. In vitro assays to some extent showed its potency in cell proliferation but not in IFN-& gamma; induction, although the responses were not very expressive and faced some questions/ limitations. In general, in the current study, we mapped the most immunogenic epitopes of OmpW that may be used for future studies and also assayed one of these epitopes in vitro, which was shown to have an immunogenicity potential. However, the induced immune responses were not strong which suggests that the present peptide needs a series of biotechnological manipulations to be used as a potential vaccine candidate. More studies in this field are recommended.

Automated summary

In this study, T-cell and B-cell epitopes of A. baumannii OmpW were predicted using bioinformatics and partially validated through in vitro experiments. A 15-mer peptide containing linear B-cell and T-cell epitopes was identified. Although the peptide showed some cell proliferation potential in vitro, it did not induce significant IFN-γ production, indicating the need for further improvement. Overall, this study identified highly immunogenic OmpW epitopes for further investigation and provided preliminary validation, but additional biotechnological modifications and studies are required.