Stability of the online grooming victimization of minors: Prevalence and association with shame, guilt, and mental health outcomes over one year

IntroductionOnline grooming is the process by which an adult manipulates a minor by using information and communication technologies to interact sexually with that minor. The objective of this study was to analyze the stability of online grooming victimization among minors and its relationship with demographic variables (e.g., gender, age, and sexual orientation), emotions of shame and guilt, and depression and anxiety symptoms.MethodsThe participants were 746 adolescents aged 12-14 years when the study started (Mage = 13.34, SD = 0.87) who completed self-reports at Time 1 (T1) and 1 year later at Time 2 (T2). Among them, 400 were girls, 344 were boys, and two were nonbinary. At each time point, the minors self-reported their online grooming experiences during the previous year.ResultsThe results showed that 11.8% (n = 89) of the participants were T1-victims, 13% (n = 95) were T2-victims, and 11% (n = 81) were stable victims of online grooming. Stability in victimization was related to being older, being a sexual minority, being born abroad, having separated or divorced parents, and having parents with a lower education level. Stable victims showed higher shame and guilt scores at T1 than did T1-victims, indicating that elevated levels of shame and guilt could contribute to the persistence of online grooming over time.ConclusionsOverall, adolescents in the stable victim category presented more depression and anxiety symptoms. Intervention strategies should address emotions related to victimization, such as shame and guilt, as well as depression and anxiety symptoms.

Automated summary

This study aimed to analyze the stability of online grooming victimization among minors and its relationship with demographic variables, emotions of shame and guilt, and depression and anxiety symptoms. The results showed that stable victims were older, sexual minorities, born abroad, had separated or divorced parents, and had parents with lower education levels. Stable victims exhibited higher shame and guilt scores, indicating the role of these emotions in the persistence of online grooming. Overall, adolescents in the stable victim category presented more depression and anxiety symptoms.