期刊
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-GENERAL
卷 -, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC
DOI: 10.1037/xge0001488
关键词
cognitive flexibility; cognitive control; context; task-switching; associative learning
Cognitive flexibility refers to a mental state that allows efficient switching between tasks. People can use their environment to trigger different states of cognitive flexibility.
Cognitive flexibility refers to a mental state that allows efficient switching between tasks. While deciding to be flexible is often ascribed to a strategic resource-intensive executive process, people may also simply use their environment to trigger different states of cognitive flexibility. We developed a paradigm where participants were exposed to two environments with different task-switching probabilities, followed by a probe phase to test the impact of environmental cues. Our results show that people were more efficient at switching in a high-switch environment. Critically, we observe environment-specific triggering of cognitive flexibility after a 4-day training period (Experiment 2, N = 51), but not after a 1-day training period (Experiment 1, N = 52). Together, these findings suggest that people can associate the need for cognitive flexibility with their environment, providing an environmental triggering mechanism for cognitive control.
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