期刊
PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN
卷 -, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1177/01461672231202756
关键词
poverty; social class; stereotypes; thick skin bias; heuristics
People often mistakenly believe that individuals from lower socioeconomic backgrounds are less vulnerable to harm than those from higher backgrounds. However, research suggests that this belief stems from a misunderstanding of adaptation intuitions. Experimental evidence shows that reducing the salience of adaptation intuitions can lead to a decrease in the bias, highlighting the significance of studying biased beliefs about poverty and its impact on perpetuating inequality.
People often falsely believe that individuals from low socioeconomic status (SES) backgrounds are less harmed than those from higher SES backgrounds by a wide range of negative events. We report three studies (total N = 1,625) that provide evidence that this thick skin bias emerges at least in part because people overgeneralize otherwise accurate intuitions about adaptation. Across studies, participants accurately intuited that people adapt to psychophysical experiences (e.g., brightness, weight, and volume) but also inaccurately intuited that people similarly adapt to life hardships that actually tend to exacerbate the harm of future negative events. Experimentally decreasing the salience of psychophysical adaptation intuitions reduced the thick skin bias, suggesting a causal link between these adaptation intuitions and the belief that people in poverty are less vulnerable to harm and underlining the importance of studying how biased beliefs about the effects of poverty may perpetuate inequality.
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