Shaping the Future of Behcet's Uveitis Management: A Comprehensive Review of Efficacy, Challenges, and Prospects of Biologic Therapies

Behcet's uveitis (BU), a vision-threatening manifestation of Behcet's disease, poses substantial management challenges due to its chronic, relapsing nature and potential for vision loss. This review explores the role of biologic therapies in the treatment of BU, providing a comprehensive overview of their effectiveness, drawbacks, and future possibilities. Traditionally, management has relied heavily on corticosteroids and conventional immunosuppressants. However, their long-term use is frequently associated with systemic side effects and insufficient control of ocular inflammation. Biologic therapies, particularly TNF-alpha inhibitors like infliximab and adalimumab, have emerged as effective alternatives, offering better disease control and a more favorable safety profile. We critically evaluated these agents, noting their clinical efficacy in reducing inflammatory flares and preserving visual acuity. Despite their benefits, several issues remain. Accessibility, cost, and lack of long-term safety data limit their widespread use. Additionally, individual variability in treatment response necessitates personalized therapeutic strategies. Recent research has shown promise in addressing these challenges, with the emergence of novel biologic agents and personalized medicine approaches. In summary, biologic therapies represent a paradigm shift in BU management, contributing to better patient outcomes. Yet, there are significant challenges to be overcome. As we move forward, continued research, development of novel biologic agents, and a precision medicine approach will shape the future landscape of BU treatment.

Automated summary

Behcet's uveitis (BU), a serious complication of Behcet's disease, is challenging to manage due to its chronic and recurrent nature. This review discusses the role of biologic therapies in BU treatment and provides a comprehensive overview of their effectiveness and limitations. Biologic therapies, specifically TNF-alpha inhibitors, have shown promise in controlling ocular inflammation and preserving vision. However, accessibility, cost, and limited long-term safety data pose obstacles to their widespread use. Continued research and development of novel biologic agents, as well as personalized medicine approaches, are needed to address these challenges and improve patient outcomes.