Nanocellulose-based soft actuators and their applications

Nanocellulose has aroused growing attention in the design and fabrication of multifarious soft actuators thanks to its abundant source, appropriate mechanical properties, and sustainability. In this mini-review, an up-to-date account of recent progresses in nanocellulose-based actuators with homogeneous and heterogeneous structures is provided. The fundamental design concepts and synthesis strategies for nanocellulose-based soft actuators with a wide array of micro-architecture are described. Moreover, their actuation mechanisms, structure-function relationships, and emerging applications in the fields of soft robotics, biomedical science and bioelectronics are highlighted. Finally, a brief conclusion, the current challenges, and future perspectives in the development of nanocellulose-based actuators is presented. This mini-review provides new insights into the fundamental research and the technological application of advanced nanocellulose-based soft actuators. image

Automated summary

This mini-review provides an up-to-date account of recent progresses in nanocellulose-based actuators, including their design concepts, synthesis strategies, and actuation mechanisms. It also highlights their structure-function relationships and emerging applications in soft robotics, biomedical science, and bioelectronics. Finally, it presents a brief conclusion, current challenges, and future perspectives in the development of nanocellulose-based actuators.