Iron Chelation as a Potential Therapeutic Approach in Acute Lung Injury

Acute lung injury (ALI) has been challenging health care systems since before the COVID-19 pandemic due to its morbidity, mortality, and length of hospital stay. In view of the complex pathogenesis of ALI, effective strategies for its prevention and treatment are still lacking. A growing body of evidence suggests that iron dysregulation is a common characteristic in many subtypes of ALI. On the one hand, iron is needed to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) as part of the immune response to an infection; on the other hand, iron can accelerate the occurrence of ferroptosis and extend host cell damage. Iron chelation represents a novel therapeutic strategy for alleviating lung injury and improving the survival of patients with ALI. This article reviews the current knowledge of iron homeostasis, the role of iron in ALI development, and potential therapeutic targets.

Automated summary

Acute lung injury (ALI) has been a challenging issue in healthcare systems for a long time, and effective prevention and treatment strategies are still lacking. Iron dysregulation is a common characteristic in many subtypes of ALI, playing a dual role in immune response and host cell damage. Iron chelation offers a novel therapeutic approach for alleviating lung injury and improving the survival of ALI patients. This article provides an overview of iron homeostasis, the role of iron in ALI development, and potential therapeutic targets.