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Article
Oncology
Weibin He et al.
Summary: Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a common consequence of myocardial infarction, and Exendin-4 has been shown to alleviate myocardial IRI by modulating autophagy. Exendin-4 restores the blocked autophagic flux induced by oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) in cardiomyocytes by promoting nuclear translocation of TFEB and transcription of genes involved in autophagy initiation. The restoration of autophagic flux contributes to the beneficial effects of Exendin-4, including reduction of oxidative stress, preservation of mitochondrial network, and inhibition of cytochrome c leakage and apoptosis.
EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Bing Jiang et al.
Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the leading cause of cancer-associated death worldwide, and chemotherapy is the primary treatment method. Salidroside (Sal), a bioactive component from Rhodiola rosea L, has been shown to induce apoptosis and autophagy in HCC cells. Sal enhances apoptosis and autophagy by regulating the expression of various proteins and inhibits the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Furthermore, combining Sal with the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine diphosphate (CQ) can decrease Sal-induced autophagy and accelerate Sal-induced apoptosis.
MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jiawei Liu et al.
Summary: This study reveals that Nrf2-dependent autophagy activation plays a crucial role in inhibiting ferroptosis by promoting SLC7A11 membrane localization. Activation of Nrf2 not only upregulates the expression of SLC7A11, GPX-4, and autophagy-related proteins, but also disrupts the binding of SLC7A11 and BECN1 by inducing autophagy, ultimately suppressing ferroptosis.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anning Yang et al.
Summary: This study reveals that homocysteine (Hcy) can activate autophagy in hepatocytes by upregulating the expression of nuclear transcription factor EB (TFEB). The effect of Hcy on TFEB expression is regulated by hypomethylation of the TFEB promoter catalyzed by DNMT3b.
ACTA BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA SINICA
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Penghui Nie et al.
Summary: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been extensively studied in recent decades. Their advantage lies in the ability to design them through different synthetic methods for various applications. The green synthesis of AgNPs has gained significant attention. Due to their strong antibacterial activity, AgNPs have found wide applications in fields such as food packaging and medical products. Understanding the toxicity and potential mechanisms of AgNPs is crucial as their use continues to grow.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rajat Pant et al.
Summary: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with an increased ratio of M1 macrophages/Kupffer cells to M2 macrophages, which plays a crucial role in NAFLD development and progression. The precise mechanism behind macrophage polarization shift is not well understood. Evidence is provided regarding the relationship between autophagy resulting from lipid exposure and polarization shift in Kupffer cells.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Tin Yan Wong et al.
Summary: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have raised concerns due to their potential harmful effects on human beings. This study investigated the hepatotoxic effects of AgNPs using a comparative proteomics approach. The results showed that cancerous liver cells and normal cells respond to AgNPs exposure through different pathways, providing new insights into mechanisms underlying AgNPs-induced hepatotoxicity.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Toxicology
Philku Lee et al.
Summary: This study investigated the translocation and elimination of silver and gold nanoparticles in rats after inhalation exposure. It was found that soluble silver nanoparticles could translocate to extrapulmonary organs and be rapidly eliminated, while insoluble gold nanoparticles continued to translocate and were not easily eliminated.
PARTICLE AND FIBRE TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xingyao Pei et al.
Summary: This study investigates the hepatotoxic mechanism of ZnO NPs and reveals the crosstalk between autophagy and pyroptosis. The findings suggest that autophagy serves as a protective response against pyroptosis induced by ZnO NPs, and the regulation of autophagy and lysosome by TFEB can alleviate the pyroptosis. This study provides new insights for the risk assessment and therapeutic strategy of ZnO NPs-induced pyroptosis.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Maria P. Nikolova et al.
Summary: The development of eco-friendly nano assembly using biosynthesis has led to the production of metallic and metal oxide nanoparticles with various pharmaceutical applications. These biogenic nanoparticles have shown potential as tumoricidal, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antiviral agents. The review discusses the types of renewable biological systems used for biosynthesis and the role of biogenic nanoparticles as drug carriers. The review also highlights the impact of the biosystem on the morphology, size, shape, and structure of the produced nanomaterial, as well as the toxicity and recent advancements in enhancing biocompatibility and reducing side effects.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ajay Vikram Singh et al.
Summary: Toxicology is being transformed by digital technologies, such as mobile apps, sensors, AI, and machine learning, which enable better data analysis, record-keeping, and risk assessment. This includes the use of blockchain technology for transparency in genomic data management and robotics and wearable devices for improved data collection and monitoring. The integration of digital technologies has revolutionized toxicology, offering potential for enhanced risk assessment and public health promotion.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Menghao Guo et al.
Summary: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used for their antibacterial properties, but their use raises health concerns. This study evaluated the toxic effects of AgNPs on liver cells and found that the human hepatoma cell line (HepG2) was more sensitive to AgNPs than normal hepatic cell line (L02), possibly due to different responses to AgNPs by cancer cells and normal cells. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) was able to inhibit the increase in apoptosis induced by AgNPs and alleviate the imbalance of antioxidant system and cell cycle arrest. The knockdown of nuclear factor erythroid-derived factor 2-related factor (Nrf2) showed that Nrf2 has a protective role in AgNPs-induced hepatotoxicity.
CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Guangzhe Zheng et al.
Summary: Metal nanoparticles (NPs) have unique physicochemical properties that make them widely used in daily life and commercial activities. This study investigated the effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on macrophages, and found that AgNPs induced non-apoptotic programmed cell death (PCD), called ferroptosis, accompanied by lipid peroxidation and iron homeostasis disorders. Moreover, smaller AgNPs had a greater ferroptotic effect on macrophages than larger ones, and ferroptosis in AgNP-treated macrophages was mainly triggered by AgNPs per se rather than Ag ions.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Junxing Zhang et al.
Summary: Gene expression is influenced by chromatin's epigenetic status, making the study of epigenetic changes crucial for understanding gene regulation at different levels. DNA methylation, a well-studied epigenetic modification, plays a key role in maintaining genome stability and ensuring proper growth and development. The levels of methylation in bovine primordial germ cells, its rearrangement during embryonic development, and abnormal methylation during placental development are closely associated with reproductive processes. The application of male sterility and assisted reproductive technology in cattle is also linked to DNA methylation. This review discusses the principle and development of detection methods for DNA methylation, as well as its relationship with bovine spermatogenesis, embryonic development, disease resistance, and muscle and fat development. It aims to provide a theoretical basis for future applications of DNA methylation in cattle breeding.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Feng Shu et al.
Summary: Autophagy has multifaceted physiological effects, acting as a protective mechanism against diseases while also having detrimental effects on normal cells. The dysregulation of autophagy-related regulators and proteins can lead to imbalanced autophagy flux, and epigenetic and post-translational modifications play a role in this process. Understanding the regulatory mechanisms of autophagy and its impact on therapeutic effectiveness is important for the development of potential targets for disease treatment.
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yanan Zhao et al.
Summary: The study revealed that lead induced abnormal lipid accumulation in the liver by blocking autophagy pathway, highlighting the relationship between lead-induced autophagy dysregulation and lipid accumulation for the first time. The findings suggest that autophagy could be a potential therapeutic target against lead-induced hepatic lipid accumulation, providing theoretical basis and potential strategies for intervention and treatment of lead-related diseases.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eleonora Mameli et al.
Summary: Autophagy is a crucial process for cellular quality control, particularly in the vasculature. Preserved autophagy within endothelial cells is essential for maintaining their physiological characteristics, while defective autophagy can lead to inflammatory responses and atherosclerosis.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kumari Prerna et al.
Summary: This article discusses the interplay between autophagy and apoptosis and their importance in health and diseases, with a focus on Beclin1 as a key player.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Hitomi Yamamoto-Imoto et al.
Summary: This study identifies MondoA as a transcription factor that regulates cellular senescence, autophagy, and mitochondrial homeostasis. It shows that MondoA protects against cellular senescence by activating autophagy and suppressing a negative regulator, Rubicon. Furthermore, the study highlights the importance of Prdx3 as a downstream regulator of MondoA in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and autophagy. The findings suggest that MondoA decline exacerbates senescence and age-associated diseases.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ling Wen et al.
Summary: The recent development of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has sparked increased interest in biomedical and pharmaceutical applications, but it also poses the risk of human exposure. This study found that AgNPs induced liver damage in NAFLD mice, which was associated with the activation of SREBP-1c-mediated de novo lipogenesis and liver inflammation. Additionally, AgNP treatment resulted in oxidative damage and decreased DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation levels in the liver of mice with NAFLD. This suggests that exposure to AgNPs may worsen the development and progression of NAFLD.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shengmin Yan
Summary: TFEB is a key regulator of lysosomal function and autophagy, and its dysregulation is associated with lipid metabolism and several diseases. It has emerged as a potential therapeutic target for diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jihoon Nah et al.
Summary: Understanding the mechanisms of cell death in cardiomyocytes is crucial for the treatment of heart failure, with a focus on autophagy-related cell death. Autophagy plays a key role in cellular quality control for survival, but dysregulation can lead to cell death.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Doaa H. Assar et al.
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the hepatotoxic effects of different dosages of AgNPs and clarify the mechanism of action. The results showed that AgNP exposure caused weight loss, hematological abnormalities, hepatic injury, and induction of apoptosis and fibrosis. These findings provide important insights into the toxic potential of AgNPs in the liver and have implications for further research on their safety and risk assessment.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Dengna Lin et al.
Summary: Acute-on-chronic liver failure is a severe liver disease without satisfactory treatments. Autophagy plays a crucial role in liver diseases, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to restore autophagy and alleviate liver injuries in a mouse model of acute-on-chronic liver failure. The protective effect of MSCs is partially mediated by exosomal let-7a-5p, which activates autophagy repairment.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Kah Keng Wong
Summary: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer, with DNMT1 playing a crucial role in promoting tumorigenesis through multiple mechanisms. DNMT1 inhibitors show promise in targeting TNBC cells and sensitizing patients to immune checkpoint blockade therapy. This highlights the potential of DNMT1 as a therapeutic target for TNBC, aiming to disrupt its metastatic and aggressive phenotypes.
SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaoru Chang et al.
Summary: This study found that AgNPs can induce cytotoxicity in HT22 cells through autophagy and apoptosis pathways mediated by the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. These results provide experimental evidence and explanation for the potential neurotoxicity triggered by AgNPs in vitro.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
R. M. Pinho et al.
Summary: The intestinal tract serves as the gateway for nutrients and symbiotic organisms, in continuous contact with the external environment. DNA methylation plays a key role in shaping gut functionality in response to environmental conditions, diet, and nutritional status. External factors such as diet, dietary supplements, nutritional status, and microbiota modifications can modulate intestinal function through DNA methylation.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jiaojiao Sun et al.
Summary: This study elucidated the differential toxic effects of polyvinylpyrrolidone-capped silver nanoparticles with different primary particle sizes on human cells, highlighting disruption of mitochondrial function and inflammation as major mediating factors. Different levels of genotoxicity were observed in different cell lines, with genetic damage in A549 cells associated with ionic silver release from nanoparticles and in HepG2 cells associated with GADD45 alpha promoter activation. The findings suggest that the GADD45 alpha promoter-driven luciferase reporter cell system can serve as a rapid screening tool for identifying genotoxic properties of nanoparticles.
TOXICOLOGY AND INDUSTRIAL HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhiqiang Deng et al.
Summary: The study reveals that autophagy plays a critical role in protecting cells during energy crisis by regulating cell metabolism, specifically through the selective degradation of the PKA inhibitory subunit RI. This selective autophagy process activates PKA, promotes mitochondrial metabolism, and enhances cell survival under glucose deprivation conditions.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Yao Zhang et al.
Summary: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, characterized by significant lipid deposition in hepatocytes, often associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Environmental pollutants may promote the development and progression of NAFLD, and autophagy plays a crucial role in this disease.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kandasamy Saravanakumar et al.
Summary: The study described the synthesis, characterization, biocompatibility, and antibacterial activity of starch-encapsulated silver nanoparticles. Results showed that starch encapsulation significantly enhanced the antibacterial activity of the silver nanoparticles.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hui Qian et al.
Summary: The liver is a crucial metabolic organ, where autophagy plays a significant role in maintaining cellular and metabolic homeostasis. Autophagy in the liver fluctuates with hormonal cues, nutrient availability, and circadian activities. Dysfunctional autophagy may lead to various liver diseases.
MOLECULAR ASPECTS OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Elias Kouroumalis et al.
Summary: Autophagy plays a crucial role in liver diseases, including injuries, infections, cancers, and genetic disorders. The level of autophagy can have a significant impact on the progression of liver diseases.
WORLD JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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Haiqiao Zhang et al.
TOXICOLOGY LETTERS
(2020)
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Fang Liu et al.
TOXICOLOGY LETTERS
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Menglan Zhao et al.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2019)
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Cell Biology
Anning Yang et al.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2018)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Benoit Pasquier
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2016)
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Allergy
Ning Li et al.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2016)
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Engineering, Biomedical
Jung-Hee Kim et al.
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A
(2015)
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Toxicology
Tzu-Ying Lee et al.
PARTICLE AND FIBRE TOXICOLOGY
(2013)
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Plant Sciences
Fei Yang et al.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
JK Christman
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Immunology
PP Lee et al.
