Impact of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles addition in Eichhornia Crassipes biodiesel used to fuel compression ignition engine at variable injection pressure

Power production through combustion of fuels plays a vital role in the progress of a nation. In liquid fuels, biodiesel has emerged as a potential replacement of fossil fuel. In this regard, the improvement of fuel properties or adjustment of the operating parameters can improve the ef-ficiency and lower the emission for a biodiesel run diesel engine. In this regard, the current study focuses on the use of novel nano blended biodiesel, prepared by blending titanium dioxide nano particles along Eichhornia Crassipes biodiesel. Three different biodiesel blends are prepared having composition of titanium dioxide by 50 ppm, 100 ppm and 150 ppm which is tested in a four stroke, single cylinder, naturally aspirated water cooled diesel engine of 3.5 kW rated power for different loading conditions for performance, emission, and combustion evaluation. Further, at the same engine conditions, the biodiesel blend having 150 ppm of titanium dioxide is tested at fuel injection pressure of 220 bar. The findings suggests that the brake thermal efficiency im-proves and emissions lowers with the addition of nano particles at high fuel injection pressure. The maximum improvement of brake thermal efficiency of 1.01% in comparison to diesel mode has been found for nano blended biodiesel composition of 150 ppm of titanium dioxide at fuel injection pressure of 220 bar under full loading condition. For the same fuel injection pressure of 220 bar and same nano blended biodiesel composition, the hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emission were found to minimum at 60% load.

Automated summary

Power production through combustion of fuels is crucial for a nation's progress, and biodiesel is a potential replacement for fossil fuel. In this study, nano blended biodiesel composed of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and Eichhornia Crassipes biodiesel was used to improve efficiency and reduce emissions in a diesel engine. The findings showed that adding nano particles at high fuel injection pressure significantly improved brake thermal efficiency and reduced emissions. The highest improvement of brake thermal efficiency (1.01%) was achieved with a nano blended biodiesel composition of 150 ppm titanium dioxide and a fuel injection pressure of 220 bar under full loading condition. Hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions were lowest at 60% load for the same fuel injection pressure and nano blended biodiesel composition.