Periodontal Disease, Local and Systemic Inflammation in Puerto Ricans with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Periodontal disease (PD) is prevalent in type 2 diabetic condition (T2DM). Objectives: We assessed the associations between serum or gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) endothelial and inflammatory mediators and chronic PD among T2DM Hispanic adults. Methods: We enrolled 248 Puerto Rican residents with T2DM aged 40-65 years. The exposures included serum inflammatory mediators (IL-1b, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-alpha), endothelial adhesion molecules, RANKL levels, and the GCF content of these analytes from a subset of 158 samples. The outcomes included the percent of sites with a probing pocket depth (PPD) >= 4 mm and clinical attachment loss >= 4 mm. Adjusted logistic regression models were fit to the categorized outcomes. Results: Increased serum IL-10 (Adj. OR: 1.10, p = 0.04), sICAM-1 (Adj. OR: 1.01; p = 0.06), and elevated serum IL-1 beta (Adj. OR: 1.93; p = 0.06) were statistically significant or close to being significantly associated with a percent of sites with PPD >= 4 mm. An increase in GCF IL-1 alpha (Adj. OR: 1.16; p < 0.01) and IL-1 beta (Adj: 2.40; p = 0.02) was associated with periodontal parameters. Conclusions: Our findings suggested that oral and systemic endothelial and inflammatory mediators are associated with periodontal clinical parameters among Hispanic adults with T2DM.

Automated summary

This study assessed the association between serum or gingival crevicular fluid endothelial and inflammatory mediators and chronic periodontal disease among Hispanic adults with type 2 diabetes. The findings showed that oral and systemic endothelial and inflammatory mediators are related to periodontal clinical parameters.