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Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Noritaka Tanaka et al.
Summary: HIF-1 alpha is a transcription factor that helps cells adapt to low-oxygen environments by promoting a switch to glycolysis. Mint3 binds to FIH-1 and inhibits its suppressive effect, leading to HIF-1 alpha activation. Defects in Mint3 improve acute inflammation and suppress cancer cell proliferation and metastasis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuta Kurota et al.
Summary: The study investigated the relationship between the expression of hemoglobin beta-chain (HBB) and the prognosis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). It was found that patients with HBB-positive expression had a worse prognosis. Experimental results showed that HBB expression inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cancer cells under hypoxic conditions, and promoted cell proliferation and invasion. Based on the clinical and experimental findings, HBB may serve as a new prognostic biomarker for RCC in the future.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Saima Sabrina et al.
Summary: The combination of immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) therapy with other treatments can improve therapeutic outcomes. In this study, the expression of various myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) markers, such as GPI-80, CD16, and LAP-1, were analyzed before and during ICI therapy in 51 patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma. It was found that elevated CD16 and LAP-1 expressions after treatment were associated with a poor response to ICI therapy, while higher GPI-80 expression in neutrophils before therapy was correlated with a complete response.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yasuko Arao et al.
Summary: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) synthesized through a canonical pathway play important roles in human diseases. IsomiRs, variations in noncoding miRNAs, are generated through a non-canonical pathway. EpisomiRs, miRNAs with different modifications, are expanding the isomiR family. IsomiRs reflect cell-specific biological function and studying episomiRs and isomiRs can contribute to optimizing diagnosis and therapeutic technology for precision medicine.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shiro Uchida et al.
Summary: This study identified genes associated with breast cancer progression mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets using bioinformatic tools. It found several genes involved in breast cancer progression and identified potential novel therapeutic targets.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mika Nakayama et al.
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by damage to the intestinal mucosa. Recent studies have shown the involvement of RNA modifications in the specific pathogenesis of IBD. RNA modification-targeting reagents have shown promising outcomes in treating colitis. Understanding RNA modifications in IBD could contribute to early diagnosis, disease monitoring, and innovative therapeutic approaches.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Toshihiko Tashima
Summary: Advancements in pharmacotherapy have greatly benefited humanity, but there are still unmet medical needs in the treatment of CNS diseases and cancers. The blood-brain barrier poses a challenge in delivering drugs to the brain, while the complex mechanisms of cancer and its off-target effects make the development of anti-cancer drugs difficult. Antibody drugs and antibody-drug conjugates show promise in treating CNS diseases and brain cancer.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yumiko Kawashita et al.
Summary: Radiation-induced mucositis in head and neck cancer patients can lead to eating and swallowing difficulties and may impact treatment tolerance, compliance, and quality of life. This study found that a lower lymphocyte count prior to radiotherapy is a predictive risk factor for severe mucositis in patients with nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal cancer undergoing definitive radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eric di Luccio et al.
Summary: Improving the rate and effectiveness of routine cancer screenings is a challenge in healthcare, but multi-cancer early detection (MCED) is a potentially effective solution. Using C. elegans as a biosensor for universal cancer screening, specifically with N-NOSE, has shown promising results.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Naoki Kawahara et al.
Summary: This study reassessed the diagnostic accuracy of MR relaxometry and found that the endometriotic neoplasm algorithm for risk assessment (e-NARA) index is a reliable tool to differentiate EAOC from OE.
