Methods for Using Race and Ethnicity in Prediction Models for Lung Cancer Screening Eligibility

Editorial Material Oncology

Banning Menthol Cigarettes: The Time Has Come

Andrew L. Pipe

JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE (2022)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Comparing Racial Differences in Emphysema Prevalence Among Adults With Normal Spirometry: A Secondary Data Analysis of the CARDIA Lung Study

Gabrielle Y. Liu et al.

Summary: There are differences in the prevalence of emphysema between Black and White adults with different measures of normal spirometry results, particularly among Black men.

ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE (2022)

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Editorial Material Medicine, General & Internal

Addressing Systemic Racism Through Clinical Preventive Service Recommendations From the US Preventive Services Task Force

Chyke A. Doubeni et al.

Summary: The US Preventive Services Task Force is working to identify how systemic racism contributes to health outcome disparities and to develop evidence-based recommendations to mitigate the effects of social, economic, and structural disadvantages on disease and its outcomes.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2021)

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Article Oncology

Using Prediction Models to Reduce Persistent Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Draft 2020 USPSTF Lung Cancer Screening Guidelines

Rebecca Landy et al.

Summary: The draft 2020 USPSTF guidelines increased eligibility for lung cancer screening among minorities and Whites by similar proportions compared to the 2013 guidelines. However, the relative disparity in gainable life-years from screening between eligible Whites and minorities actually increased with the 2020 guidelines. Using the LYFS-CT model could help reduce disparities in screening eligibility by identifying high-benefit individuals regardless of race and ethnicity.

JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE (2021)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Potential Disparities by Sex and Race or Ethnicity in Lung Cancer Screening Eligibility Rates

Paul F. Pinsky et al.

Summary: Eligibility rates for low-dose CT scan lung cancer screening vary by sex and race/ethnicity, with men having higher rates than women and non-Hispanic Whites having higher rates than other racial/ethnic groups. Disparities are evident in eligibility to incidence ratios, with non-Hispanic Black men having higher lung cancer burden but lower eligibility to incidence ratios compared to non-Hispanic White men. Consideration of smoking duration in risk assessment criteria may help address current disparities.

CHEST (2021)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Screening for Lung Cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement

Alex H. Krist et al.

Summary: Lung cancer is the second most common cancer and leading cause of cancer death in the US, with smoking and increasing age being the primary risk factors. Annual screening with low-dose computed tomography is recommended for adults aged 50 to 80 years with a 20 pack-year smoking history.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2021)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Reassessing the Inclusion of Race in Diagnosing Kidney Diseases: An Interim Report From the NKF-ASN Task Force

Cynthia Delgado et al.

Summary: The report discusses the controversy surrounding the inclusion of race in GFR estimation, as well as the evidence and values that inform these viewpoints. Several different approaches to estimate GFR have been proposed to address the issue, which will be evaluated and recommended in subsequent phases.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES (2021)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Screening for Lung Cancer CHEST Guideline and Expert Panel Report

Peter J. Mazzone et al.

Summary: Evidence suggests that low-dose CT screening for lung cancer can result in a favorable balance of benefit and harms. Factors such as the selection of screen-eligible individuals, the quality of imaging and image interpretation, the management of screen-detected findings, and the effectiveness of smoking cessation interventions can impact this balance.

CHEST (2021)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology