Challenges and Strategies Toward Future Stable Perovskite Photovoltaics

In recent years, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have received widespread attention due to their superior photovoltaic performance. However, perovskite materials and related films/devices all suffer unfavorable instability issues, which largely hamper their commercialization. In this review, research status, main challenges, and possible strategies to overcome the instability issues in PSCs are comprehensively presented and discussed from four main perspectives, including perovskite, charge transport materials, electrodes, and encapsulations. Related testing standards to accurately evaluate PSC lifetime are also summarized to provide essential guidance toward future advancement of stable PSCs. This review discusses in-depth the origin, impact, and state-of-the-art optimization strategies of the perovskite photovoltaic (PV) instability issues in perovskite layers, charge transport layers, electrodes, and encapsulations from both material and device perspectives. Scalable fabrications and consensus stability testing standard are also summarized to provide essential guidance toward future stable perovskite PV.image (c) 2023 WILEY-VCH GmbH

Automated summary

This review comprehensively presents and discusses the research status, main challenges, and possible strategies to overcome the instability issues in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) from four main perspectives: perovskite, charge transport materials, electrodes, and encapsulations. The review also summarizes related testing standards and scalable fabrications to provide essential guidance toward future stable perovskite photovoltaics.