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Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Naila Tufaha et al.
Summary: This study reports the synthesis and characterisation of two series of low molar mass mesogens to investigate the effect of changing the position of a lateral alkoxy chain. The materials in the NT3.m series exhibited both a conventional nematic phase and a ferroelectric nematic phase, while the materials in the NT3F.m series exhibited direct transitions between N-F-I phases. The addition of a fluorine atom in NT3F.1 led to a decrease in the N-F transition temperature, but the N-F transition temperatures were higher in the NT3F.m series compared to the NT3.m series. The role of the lateral chain in inhibiting anti-parallel associations and its effect on the electronic properties were found to be key factors in driving the formation of the N-F phase.
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ewan Cruickshank et al.
Summary: The synthesis and characterisation of a new liquid crystal material with an additional phenyl ring, aimed at increasing the transition temperature, is reported. This four-ring structure exhibits conventional nematic and ferroelectric nematic phases. Compared to similar three-ring structures, the addition of the extra phenyl ring has a significant effect on the transition temperature of the conventional nematic phase. This effect may be attributed to the enhanced structural anisotropy and more favorable intermolecular interactions resulting from the insertion of the phenyl ring.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Natasa Vaupotic et al.
Summary: In this study, the dielectric properties of a polar nematic phase (N-F) sandwiched between two gold or ITO electrodes were investigated. It was found that the Phason mode could be easily quenched by an electric field and was influenced by boundary conditions.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jadwiga Szydlowska et al.
Summary: A critical point was identified in a ferroelectric nematic liquid crystal material where an isotropic phase transforms into a polar nematic phase with increasing electric field. This critical point occurs approximately 30 K above the zero-field transition temperature and at an electric field of around 10 V/μm. Such systems are intriguing for their ability to induce strong birefringence in an optically isotropic phase over a broad temperature range.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Priyanka Kumari et al.
Summary: Solid ferroelectrics have aligned polarization along crystallographic axes, with different polarization domains separated by flat domain walls. In a ferroelectric nematic liquid crystal without crystallographic axes or facets, domain walls shape as conic sections to bisect the angle between neighboring polarization fields and avoid electric charges. The intrinsic properties of conic sections play a central role in liquid ferroelectrics.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
C. L. Folcia et al.
Summary: Materials with high nonlinear optical (NLO) susceptibilities are considered as potential candidates for the next-generation NLO devices. Ferroelectric nematic (N-F) materials are argued to have the potential to become materials for the next-generation NLO devices. We conducted a study on a prototype N-F material and found a high nonlinear susceptibility in the transparent regime, which is one of the highest reported in ferroelectric liquid crystals. Despite the fact that the studied molecule was not specifically designed for NLO applications, it is concluded that there is still potential to obtain N-F materials with enhanced properties.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rony Saha et al.
Summary: This work describes the synthesis and physical property measurements of a new compound, RT11001, which exhibits multiple high-polarity ferroelectric nematic phases. Various physical characterization methods are employed to show the different ferroelectric phases of RT11001, including a non-polar nematic fluid phase with non-polar smectic clusters, a transition to another polar nematic phase containing polar positionally ordered clusters, and indications of an additional polar biaxial liquid crystal phase at lower temperatures.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Richard J. Mandle
Summary: The discovery of a new variant of the N-F phase with polar order and ferroelectricity is a significant milestone in soft matter research. The preparation of hydrogen-bonded complexes between 4-(2,4-dimethoxybenzoyloxy)benzoic acid and either 4-nitropyridine or 3-fluoro-4-nitropyridine is described, and the complexes exhibit classical and polar nematic phases. DFT calculations support the hypothesis that the onset of polar order is a result of subtle interactions between regions of opposing electrostatic potential, rather than solely dependent on the electric dipole moment.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Damian Pociecha et al.
Summary: In this study, strongly dipolar mesogenic compounds with a chiral center located in a lateral alkyl chain were synthesized and found to exhibit the ferroelectric nematic phase. The presence of molecular chirality induced helical structures in both the N* and N-F* phases, but with opposite helix sense. The relaxation frequency of polar fluctuations was only weakly influenced by the helical structure.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ewan Cruickshank et al.
Summary: This article reports the synthesis and characterization of two series of low molar mass liquid crystals in order to investigate the influence of a lateral alkyloxy chain on the formation and stability of ferroelectric nematic phase. The two series differ by the addition of a fluorine substituent. The members of both series exhibit different phase transitions depending on the length of the lateral chain, with a reduction in nematic-isotropic transition temperature and an increase in ferroelectric nematic-nematic or isotropic transition temperature observed as the chain length increases. These findings suggest that the lateral alkyloxy chain adopts specific conformations that affect the mesophase behavior.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Richard J. Mandle
Summary: This article presents the latest research progress in the field of nematic liquid crystals, including the discovery of new nematic phases, the understanding of their molecular origins, the role of molecular structure, and future directions.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Stevie Brown et al.
Summary: This study reports liquid-crystal materials with up to three nematic phases, each exhibiting different properties such as ferroelectric order, apolar order, and local antiferroelectric order. The modification of molecular structure through increasing lateral fluorine substituents leads to a direct isotropic-ferronematic phase transition in one of the materials.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jinxing Li et al.
Summary: The emerging ferroelectric nematic (N-F) liquid crystal is a novel 3D-ordered liquid exhibiting macroscopic electric polarization. Through precision synthesis of aromatic rod-shaped mesogens, the mu value of the N-F materials can be increased beyond 30 Debye, and the ferroelectric packing of oligomer/polymer rods offers new insights in liquid crystal polymer materials.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Per Rudquist
Summary: The recent discovery of spontaneously polar nematic liquid crystals, known as ferroelectric nematics, has attracted significant interest. So far, experimental verification of this phase has been challenging. A direct method for experimental verification has been proposed, utilizing a single sample cell and observing the orientation of disclination lines to reveal the ferroelectric nematic phase.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andreas Petritz et al.
Summary: This study introduces ultraflexible ferroelectric polymer transducers and organic diodes for imperceptible sensing and energy harvesting, showing enhanced sensitivity and excellent flexibility when integrated on ultrathin substrates. These technologies enable the development of imperceptible wireless e-health patches with improved sensitivity, fast response, and mechanical stability for precise monitoring of vital parameters. Additionally, combining transducers with rectifiers based on ultraflexible organic diodes results in a thin and efficient energy harvesting device with great potential for self-powering e-health systems.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jinxing Li et al.
Summary: Researchers have developed superhigh-epsilon fluid materials with high dielectric permittivity, strong second harmonic generation, and macroscopic spontaneous polar ordering through rational molecular design and machine learning analyses. They confirmed that the polar structures are identical for all the synthesized materials and successfully extended this strategy to high-molecular weight systems, creating polar soft matters with spontaneous symmetry breaking.
Article
Polymer Science
Shuqi Dai et al.
Summary: This study demonstrated a general molecular design for emerging ferroelectric nematic liquid crystals by introducing large dipole moment and local bulkiness into rod-shaped mesogenic molecules. The extension of polar liquid crystal materials from small molecules to polymer systems provides vast technological potential for flexible supercapacitors, electro-optic devices, and nonlinear optical devices. The research also clarified that the magnitude of dipole moment plays a critical role in producing macroscopic polarity in side-chain liquid crystalline polymers.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Federico Caimi et al.
Summary: The article investigates the surface alignment of the ferroelectric nematic phase and finds specific behaviors and factors that affect the alignment, such as orientation, defects, and electric field response.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Anastasiia N. Andriianova et al.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Richard J. Mandle et al.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2017)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hiroya Nishikawa et al.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2017)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hideo Takezoe et al.
Article
Computer Science, Software Engineering
Marco Tarini et al.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS
(2006)