期刊
NATURE MATERIALS
卷 16, 期 3, 页码 303-+出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/NMAT4782
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资金
- National Science Foundation [ECS-0335765]
- National Center For Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health [UH3TR000522]
- US Army Research Laboratory
- US Army Research Office [W911NF-12-2-0036]
- Air Force Research Laboratory [FA8650-09-D-5037-0004]
- Harvard University Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (MRSEC) [DMR-1420570]
- Villum Foundation
- Office of Naval Research, Vannevar Bush National Security Science and Engineering Faculty Fellowship [N00014-16-1-2823]
Biomedical research has relied on animal studies and conventional cell cultures for decades. Recently, microphysiological systems (MPS), also known as organs-on-chips, that recapitulate the structure and function of native tissues in vitro, have emerged as a promising alternative(1). However, current MPS typically lack integrated sensors and their fabrication requires multi-step lithographic processes(2). Here, we introduce a facile route for fabricating a newclass of instrumented cardiac microphysiological devices via multimaterial three-dimensional(3D) printing. Specifically, we designed six functional inks, based on piezo-resistive, high-conductance, and biocompatible soft materials that enable integration of soft strain gauge sensors within micro-architectures that guide the self-assembly of physio-mimetic laminar cardiac tissues. We validated that these embedded sensors provide non-invasive, electronic readouts of tissue contractile stresses inside cell incubator environments. We further applied these devices to study drug responses, as well as the contractile development of human stem cell-derived laminar cardiac tissues over four weeks.
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