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Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Guanting Niu et al.
Summary: The gut plays a crucial role in maintaining human health. Recent research has shown that substances in the intestine, such as intestinal flora and plant vesicles, can influence the development of various diseases. This article reviews the current understanding of how extracellular vesicles modulate gut homeostasis, inflammatory response, and metabolic diseases with obesity as a comorbidity. These complex diseases, although difficult to cure, can be managed using bacterial and plant vesicles. Vesicles are emerging as promising drug delivery vehicles for targeted treatment of metabolic diseases.
ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ana Sofia Martelli Chaib Saliba et al.
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of gastrointestinal digestion/Caco-2 cell transport on the biological activities and toxicity of ethanolic extract of organic propolis from southern Brazil (EEOP1). The results demonstrated that EEOP1 deactivated reactive oxygen species and attenuated the activation of transcription factors, while also reducing the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, the phytochemical profile of EEOP1 changed after digestion, and antimicrobial activity was only observed in the non-digested form.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Qiaoli Yi et al.
Summary: Plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (PELNs) have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, and they regulate the cellular immune response and maintain immune homeostasis. PELNs have advantages over animal-derived exosomes, such as wide sources and easy accessibility. They can transfer various cargoes from plant cells to mammalian cells, mediating interspecies communication.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Linyuan Shen et al.
Summary: In this study, exosomes from cooked meat were extracted using ultra-high-speed centrifugation, with approximately 80% of the vesicles falling within the range of 20-200 nm. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the surface biomarkers of the isolated exosomes. Different microRNA profiles were observed in exosomes derived from cooked porcine muscle, fat, and liver. The chronic administration of cooked pork-derived exosomes to mice resulted in increased levels of miR-1, miR-133a-3p, miR-206, and miR-99a in the plasma. The study also revealed abnormal glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, and increased lipid droplets in the mice's liver, indicating that microRNAs from cooked pork may play a critical role in regulating metabolic disorders.
JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Dan Li et al.
Summary: This study reveals that Tartary buckwheat-derived exosome-like nanovesicles (TB-ELNs) assisted by ultrasound treatment can inhibit starch digestion and increase the proportion of resistant starch. The TB-ELNs form hydrogen bonds with starch molecules and undergo structural changes after ultrasound treatment, leading to reduced accessibility to water and digestive enzymes. Additionally, TB-ELNs competitively bind starch molecules and inhibit the activity of amylase and glucosidase.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Tuong Ngoc-Gia Nguyen et al.
Summary: In the past decade, there has been an expansion in the development of plant-derived extracellular nanovesicles (EVs) for precision therapy. However, the lack of effective methods for isolation and characterization of plant EVs hampers progress. In this study, a 3D inner filter-based method was developed to extract apoplastic fluid (AF) from blueberry, enabling EV isolation and downstream applications. Blueberry-derived EVs (BENVs) were found to have high drug loading capacity and the ability to modulate cytokine release, making them a promising nano-bio platform for immunomodulatory therapies.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Murat Kantarcioglu et al.
Summary: In this study, coffee edible plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles were identified for the first time. These nanoparticles may have therapeutic effects on chronic liver diseases. Experimental studies should be performed on disease models to demonstrate their efficacy.
TURKISH JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mukesh K. Sriwastva et al.
Summary: Edible mulberry bark-derived nanoparticles (MBELNs) can protect against colitis by activating the AhR-COPS8-mediated anti-inflammatory pathway. These findings suggest that plant-derived nanoparticles may serve as new agents for preventing and treating gut-related inflammatory diseases.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Theodora Karamanidou et al.
Summary: This review summarizes the progress in the use of plant-derived extracellular vesicles as therapeutic delivery systems. Despite some controversies, plant-derived EVs show significant potential as nanodelivery systems of natural origin.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Variya Nemidkanam et al.
Summary: Plant-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have attracted significant attention as a potential nanomedicine delivery system due to their bioactive cargo and biocompatibility. This study focused on the isolation and characterization of Kaempferia parviflora extracellular vesicles (KPEVs), showing their uniform size, negative charge, and stable storage capability. The study also demonstrated the gastric uptake and cytotoxicity of KPEVs, suggesting their potential application as a vehicle for anticancer or oral drugs.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Fangyi Xu et al.
Summary: Understanding and controlling the activities of microglia can improve brain health, and oral administration of oat nanoparticles can effectively prevent alcohol-induced brain inflammation.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wan-jun Zhao et al.
Summary: The study demonstrates that blueberry-derived exosomes-like nanoparticles can ameliorate oxidative stress, improve the pathogenesis of NAFLD, regulate cell apoptosis and lipid metabolism, enhance antioxidant capacity, and may serve as a novel approach for the treatment of NAFLD.
ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA
(2022)
Review
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Dan Li et al.
Summary: This review provides an overview of the roles of miRNAs in plant ELNs and milk EVs and their effects on inflammation, intestinal barrier, tumors, and infantile immunological functions. The adverse effects of EV miRNAs on human health are also discussed. Furthermore, the challenges and potential applications of ELN and EV miRNAs in human health are explored. Further studies are needed to better understand the interventional effects of ELN and EV miRNAs on human health.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Lifen Yin et al.
Summary: This study extracted ginger exosome-like nanoparticles (GELNs) and analyzed their miRNA profiles. The results showed that there were 27 miRNAs with higher expression levels in GELNs, mainly involved in the regulation of inflammatory and cancer-related pathways. Moreover, GELNs could specifically enter intestine cells through caveolin-mediated endocytosis and micropinocytosis, and counteract inflammation by downregulating the expression of inflammatory genes.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hana Zand Karimi et al.
Summary: By studying the apoplastic wash fluid of Arabidopsis leaves, it was found that small RNAs and long noncoding RNAs, including circular RNAs, are mainly located outside the extracellular vesicles and are associated with protein complexes. These extracellular RNAs are highly enriched in the posttranscriptional modification N-6-methyladenine (m(6)A). The study suggests that these extracellular RNAs may play a role in host-induced gene silencing.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Cui Liu et al.
Summary: The study suggests that TDNPs 2 derived from turmeric are a novel and natural colon-targeting therapeutics that may prevent colitis and promote wound repair in colitis.
JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jingxia Han et al.
Summary: This study systematically evaluated the anti-aging effects of Phellinus linteus (PL) and found that its exosome-like nanovesicles are important functional components. The results showed that miR-CM1 derived from PL inhibits the expression of Mical2 through cross-species regulation, thus exerting its anti-aging effects.
JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christian M. Sanchez-Lopez et al.
Summary: In this study, pomegranate juice extracellular vesicles (PgEVs) were isolated for the first time using size exclusion chromatography (SEC). Characterization of PgEVs by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed their concentration, size, and morphology, which were comparable to plant-derived EVs. Proteomic analysis identified 131 proteins in PgEVs, including those related to the biogenesis and transport of EVs. PgEVs demonstrated anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and wound-healing effects in in vitro cultures of THP-1 and Caco-2 cell lines.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesca Perut et al.
Summary: EPDENs isolated from strawberries have been shown to have potential health-promoting activities, including preventing oxidative stress in human mesenchymal stromal cells. The presence of vitamin C in the EPDEN membrane may contribute to this effect, along with the small RNAs and miRNAs found in the cargo. These findings suggest that Fragaria-derived EPDENs may serve as nanoshuttles in food with bioactive properties.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Yuan Fang et al.
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play essential roles in plant-pathogen interaction and pathogenesis, with high concentrations of EVs enhancing the virulence of Phytophthora capsici. The EVs from P. capsici contain proteins related to metabolism, oxidation/reduction, and transport, indicating their importance in pathogenesis and immune processes. This study establishes the extraction method of EVs from P. capsici and reveals a variety of pathogenic-related proteins in EV proteomics, providing evidence for the role of EVs in the pathogenesis of P. capsici.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOMICS
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Stefania Paola Bruno et al.
Summary: Mammalian exosomes play a crucial role in intercellular communication, while extracellular vesicles from edible plants show similarity in size and content with exosomes. A diet rich in fruits and vegetables benefits gut health, and fruit-derived extracellular vesicles can modulate important biological processes and maintain intestinal epithelium function.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Luiza Garaeva et al.
Summary: Plant-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are gaining attention as promising carriers for delivering exogenous bioactive molecules to human cells. In this study, grapefruit EVs were isolated and characterized, showing efficient delivery of proteins to human cells and significant uptake by organs in mice. These findings suggest that native plant EVs could be safe and effective carriers for exogenous proteins.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Sigit Suharta et al.
Summary: Plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (PDENs) are small vesicles released by multivesicular bodies to regulate immunity and gene expression. They have potential health benefits and can be extracted from plant materials using various techniques. However, their potency as a functional food ingredient requires further research due to sensitivity to storage and processing conditions.
JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Fumin Yuan et al.
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanovesicles released by various cell types, known for their potent biological activities. While -80 degrees C is considered as the most favorable condition for storage, challenges remain in understanding the impact of storage conditions on EVs, indicating further research is needed.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mariangela De Robertis et al.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Javaria Munir et al.
ADVANCES IN NUTRITION
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Su-yu Quan et al.
Letter
Cell Biology
Yirui Cheng et al.
Article
Biology
Xiaoyun Li et al.
SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES
(2019)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xingyi Chen et al.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2019)
Article
Oncology
Meng Cao et al.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2019)
Article
Microbiology
Yun Teng et al.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2018)
Article
Cell Biology
Clotilde Thery et al.
JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES
(2018)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Anjana Jeyaram et al.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Lukasik et al.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2017)
Article
Cell Biology
Rosario Maroto et al.
JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES
(2017)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Mingzhen Zhang et al.
Article
Plant Sciences
Hong Li et al.
Article
Cell Biology
Zhen Zhou et al.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Patrizia Riso et al.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2013)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
KJ Livak et al.
