Single-pot modus operandi for 2-amino-4H-chromenes synthesis utilizing amine functionalized graphene oxide decorated with zirconium oxide

A lucid yet efficient protocol was developed for the multicomponent synthesis of 2-amino-3-cyano-7-hydroxy4H-chromenes in one-pot using novel zirconium oxide grafted ethylene diamine functionalized graphene oxide (ZrO2-f-ED-GO) as a heterogeneous catalyst. The synthesized catalyst was validated with the aid of characterization methods, namely, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), HRTEM, FTIR, XPS, FE-SEM, EDX, TGA, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, and Raman analysis. ZrO2-f-ED-GO was synthesized for the first time as per our knowledge and it worked as a potential candidate as a heterogeneous catalyst giving higher yields (up to 95 %) of the desired product even with less quantity of it. Considering very low weight % of Zr loading, the process becomes economically viable. In addition, the protocol is suitable for mild conditions with simple set-up and demonstrates excellent reusability up to four times without impairment of function.

Automated summary

A lucid and efficient protocol for the multicomponent synthesis of 2-amino-3-cyano-7-hydroxy-4H-chromenes was developed using a novel heterogeneous catalyst, ZrO2-f-ED-GO. The synthesized catalyst demonstrated higher yields and excellent reusability, even with a small quantity. The protocol offers economic viability and mild reaction conditions.