Ingenious enactment of Halimeda macroloba-sourced calcium for the improved agro-active response of Arachis hypogea L.

The agroactive assessment of marine macroalgae-inspired calcium on growth and yield impact of Arachis hypogea L. was studied. The soil and water samples were collected and the physico-chemico and biological profiles of Arachis hypogea L. were evaluated. The study was performed with six treatment groups, including control, cow dung, gypsum, seaweed, cow dung + gypsum, and cow dung + seaweed, with doses of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. The seaweed was collected from the southeast coast of India, and it was identified as Halimeda macroloba. Among various studied treatment groups, seaweed offered bio-based calcium content of 3771 mg/100 g next to gypsum (5010 mg/g). Moreover, the significant growth of microbial populations was identified during the flowering stage of Arachishypogea L.including Rhizobium sp.,Proteus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Bacillus sp., Azotobacter sp., and Aspergillus sp., Indeed, the plant growth parameters were studied in Arachis hypogea L. both early stage and flowering stage by various treatment groups. The plant height, No .of branches, and no. of leaves were analyzed in the both early and flowering stages. Among them, Halimeda macroloba revealed improved activity than others. Similarly, root nodule count of the flowering stage at 45 and 60 days was studied and Halimeda macroloba displayed more no. of root nodule count than others. Moreover, the seaweed has more chlorophyll profile viz., chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll than others, estimated as 3.6 mg/ml, 2.7 mg/ml, and 6.3 mg/ml, respectively. Finally, the chemical profile also showed the effectiveness of Halimeda macroloba, which indicated the quality yield of Arachis hypogaea L. Furthermore, the Scanning Electron Microscope analysis of Halimeda macroloba even showed a promising elongation potential of xylem and phloem than other treatments, which is used for better nutrient transportation and growth yield. From the result of the study, the Arachis hypogea L showed more yield response to Halimeda macroloba application. It is the first attempt to prove as Halimeda macroloba has significant potential as a calcium-rich biofertilizer enhancing growth-enhanced agricultural ecology.{GRAPHIACAL ABSTRACT}

Automated summary

The study evaluated the agroactive assessment of marine macroalgae-inspired calcium on the growth and yield of Arachis hypogea L. Soil and water samples were collected, and the physico-chemical and biological profiles of Arachis hypogea L. were evaluated. Six treatment groups were used, including control, cow dung, gypsum, seaweed, cow dung + gypsum, and cow dung + seaweed, with different doses. Among the treatment groups, seaweed showed the highest content of bio-based calcium. During the flowering stage, the growth of microbial populations was identified, and Halimeda macroloba showed improved activity. Plant growth parameters and chemical profiles were also studied, showing the effectiveness of Halimeda macroloba in enhancing the yield of Arachis hypogea L. Furthermore, Scanning Electron Microscope analysis showed promising elongation potential of xylem and phloem in Halimeda macroloba, contributing to better nutrient transportation and growth yield. The study suggests that Halimeda macroloba has significant potential as a calcium-rich biofertilizer.