期刊
NATURE
卷 536, 期 7615, 页码 179-+出版社
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/nature19068
关键词
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资金
- National Science Foundation [1151698, 1416673]
- NASA Exobiology Program [NNX14AJ87G]
- Sloan Foundation [RC944]
- Community Science Program grant from the Department of Energy (DOE)
- European Research Council [267233]
- Danish National Research Foundation [DNRF53]
- Onassis Foundation Fellowship
- [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- Directorate For Geosciences
- Division Of Ocean Sciences [1416673, 1151698] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- NASA [680757, NNX14AJ87G] Funding Source: Federal RePORTER
Bacteria of the SAR11 clade constitute up to one half of all microbial cells in the oxygen-rich surface ocean. SAR11 bacteria are also abundant in oxygen minimum zones (OMZs), where oxygen falls below detection and anaerobic microbes have vital roles in converting bioavailable nitrogen to N-2 gas. Anaerobic metabolism has not yet been observed in SAR11, and it remains unknown how these bacteria contribute to OMZ biogeochemical cycling. Here, genomic analysis of single cells from the world's largest OMZ revealed previously uncharacterized SAR11 lineages with adaptations for life without oxygen, including genes for respiratory nitrate reductases (Nar). SAR11 nar genes were experimentally verified to encode proteins catalysing the nitrite-producing first step of denitrification and constituted similar to 40% of OMZ nar transcripts, with transcription peaking in the anoxic zone of maximum nitrate reduction activity. These results link SAR11 to pathways of ocean nitrogen loss, redefining the ecological niche of Earth's most abundant organismal group.
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