☆ 4.7 Review

Current and Emerging Markers and Tools Used in the Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder in Non-Dialysis Adult Patients

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE (2023)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Bone Mineral Density and Vascular Calcification in Children and Young Adults With CKD 4 to 5 or on Dialysis

Alexander D. Lalayiannis et al.

Summary: This multicenter longitudinal study found that while older adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD) may experience increases in bone mineral density (BMD), they can still develop vascular calcification. In contrast, the growing skeleton of children and young adults with CKD may offer protection against extraosseous calcification. These findings suggest that the growing skeleton may have a buffering capacity against non-skeletal calcification.

KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL REPORTS (2023)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Vitamin D and Chronic Kidney Disease Association with Mineral and Bone Disorder: An Appraisal of Tangled Guidelines

Jordi Bover et al.

Summary: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common condition that impairs kidney function and can lead to vitamin D (VD) deficiency. While studies have shown a link between low VD levels and negative outcomes, recent research has lowered expectations for the benefits of VD supplementation. However, guidelines still recommend VD supplementation for CKD patients. It is important to carefully balance the adverse effects of VD derivatives with the prevention of severe secondary hyperparathyroidism.

NUTRIENTS (2023)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

The Role of Vitamin K in CKD-MBD

Maria Fusaro et al.

Summary: This review discusses the mechanism of action of vitamin K and its implications in cardiovascular disease, bone fractures, and inflammation. It highlights the protective role of vitamin K, especially in chronic kidney disease (CKD), and emphasizes the importance of vitamin K dosage in reducing bone fractures and improving vascular calcifications.

CURRENT OSTEOPOROSIS REPORTS (2022)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Prevalence, progression and implications of breast artery calcification in patients with chronic kidney disease

Brecht Van Berkel et al.

Summary: Breast arterial calcification (BAC) is common among CKD patients and increases with disease progression. BAC is associated with age, cardiovascular disease, and inflammation. The progression rate of BAC is slower in transplant recipients. BAC is closely related to adverse cardiovascular outcomes.

CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Recomendaciones De La Sociedad Espanola De Nefrologia Para El Manejo De Las Alteraciones Del Metabolismo Oseo-Mineral En Los Pacientes Con Enfermedad Renal Cronica. 2021 (SEN-MM)

Jose-Vicente Torregrosa

NEFROLOGIA (2022)

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Article Transplantation

MO547: A Novel Quantitative Computer-Assisted Score can Improve Repeatability in the Estimate of Vascular Calcifications at the Abdominal Aorta

Maria Fusaro et al.

NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION (2022)

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Review Physiology

Tissue chaperoning-the expanded functions of fetuin-A beyond inhibition of systemic calcification

Stefan Rudloff et al.

Summary: Traditionally, fetuin-A is known as an anti-calcification protein that prevents cardiovascular calcification. Recent evidence suggests that it also plays a crucial role in moderating tissue inflammation and fibrosis, as well as serving as a systemic indicator of acute inflammatory disease. In this context, unbalanced depletion of fetuin-A may trigger a vicious cycle of progressive calcification, inflammation, and tissue injury.

PFLUGERS ARCHIV-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Comparison of bone microstructures via high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography in patients with different stages of chronic kidney disease before and after starting hemodialysis

Kiyokazu Tsuji et al.

Summary: This study used high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) to evaluate bone microstructure in patients with different stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The results showed that cortical bone parameters were lower in CKD patients compared to healthy controls, and there were differences in tibial cortical and trabecular bone parameters between different stages of CKD. The study also found that the bone microstructure rapidly changed at the start of hemodialysis. Patients with CKD stage 5 D exhibited tibial microstructural impairment compared to those with CKD stage 4-5.

RENAL FAILURE (2022)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Time for Revival of Bone Biopsy with Histomorphometric Analysis in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): Moving from Skepticism to Pragmatism

Maria Fusaro et al.

Summary: Bone biopsy with histomorphometric analysis is the gold standard for diagnosing and classifying renal osteodystrophy. However, its use has declined due to various reasons. This position paper from Italian scientific societies aims to promote the use of bone biopsy and improve the management and prognosis of CKD patients through optimization and standardization of the procedure, establishment of a network, and reimbursement adjustments.

NUTRIENTS (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Targeting a Silent Disease: Vascular Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease

Catarina Marreiros et al.

Summary: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are at higher risk of developing early cardiovascular disease (CVD), with vascular calcification (VC) being a strong predictor of CVD risk. Diagnosis of VC in CKD population is challenging due to its complexity, but imaging biomarkers and circulating biomarkers play important roles in detection and monitoring, providing valuable insights for management of CVD risk.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2022)

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Article Peripheral Vascular Disease

Osteocalcin association with vascular function in chronic kidney disease

Xinru Guo et al.

Summary: This study investigated the association between serum osteocalcin (OCN) and vascular function in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. The results showed that low serum OCN was associated with endothelial dysfunction, while high serum OCN was associated with increased arterial stiffness. Subgroup analyses also revealed that high serum OCN was correlated with severe arterial stiffness but better endothelial function in different populations.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPERTENSION (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Association between amorphous calcium-phosphate ratios in circulating calciprotein particles and prognostic biomarkers in hemodialysis patients

Kimihiko Nakamura et al.

Summary: Calciprotein particles (CPPs) contain crystalline and/or non-crystalline calcium-phosphate (CaPi) and may affect the prognosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. We found that the amorphous CaPi ratio in CPPs correlates positively with hemoglobin and negatively with fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF21), indicating a possible association with the prognosis of hemodialysis patients.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2022)

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Review Cell Biology

The structure, biosynthesis, and biological roles of fetuin-A: A review

Endeshaw Chekol Abebe et al.

Summary: Fetuin-A is a plasma glycoprotein with diverse physiological and pathological functions, involved in calcium metabolism, osteogenesis, and insulin signaling pathway. It also functions as a calcification inhibitor, protease inhibitor, and inflammatory regulator, and plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of various disorders.

FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY (2022)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

The controversy of klotho as a potential biomarker in chronic kidney disease

Li-Xia Yu et al.

Summary: This article discusses the clinical significance of Klotho and its potential as a biomarker in chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, there is inconsistent and contradictory evidence regarding the relationship between Klotho and CKD, and a consensus has not been reached. The authors systematically assess the areas of controversy and highlight future directions to resolve inconsistencies and clarify the role of Klotho in CKD clinical practice.

FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Cortical bone density by quantitative computed tomography mirrors disorders of bone structure in bone biopsy of non-dialysis CKD patients

Amandha L. Bittencourt et al.

Summary: Bone biopsy remains the gold standard for evaluating trabecular or cortical bone, but QCT can be useful in assessing bone structure in CKD patients. This study found that QCT-measured cortical bone density can reflect cortical bone thickness in pre-dialysis CKD patients. Cortical porosity was associated with age, PTH levels, and renal function, while cortical thickness was associated with PTH levels.

BONE REPORTS (2022)

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Review Urology & Nephrology

Klotho in Clinical Nephrology Diagnostic and Therapeutic Implications

Javier A. Neyra et al.

Summary: Klotho, a membrane protein that serves as a coreceptor for FGF23, is essential for maintaining organ function and preventing multiorgan failure. Systemic Klotho deficiency is commonly associated with kidney diseases. While Klotho shows promise in clinical applications, further research and large prospective human studies are needed to fully understand its diagnostic and therapeutic potential.

CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY (2021)

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Article Transplantation

European Consensus Statement on the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in chronic kidney disease stages G4-G5D

Pieter Evenepoel et al.

Summary: Treating osteoporosis in patients with CKD G4-G5D is challenging due to the complex pathophysiology and uncertainties surrounding diagnosis and treatment methods for fractures.

NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION (2021)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

The Non-invasive Diagnosis of Bone Disorders in CKD

Jordi Bover et al.

Summary: Abnormal bone metabolism is a key aspect of CKD-MBD, with renewed interest in bone as a new endocrine organ and the interaction between bone and vessels. CKD patients have a high risk of osteoporotic fractures, highlighting the need for improved non-invasive approaches to guide treatment decisions.

CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL (2021)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Disorders in bone-mineral parameters and the risk of death in persons with chronic kidney disease stages 4 and 5: the PECERA study

Pablo Molina et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates a non-linear association between serum calcium, phosphate, and iPTH levels with mortality in CKD patients. There may be potential survival benefits for controlling bone mineral parameters, with specific optimal ranges identified for each biomarker.

JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY (2021)

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Review Hematology

Calciprotein Particles Balancing Mineral Homeostasis and Vascular Pathology

Anton G. Kutikhin et al.

Summary: Hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia can lead to the formation of calciprotein particles (CPPs) in the bloodstream, which may cause inflammation and cell death in vascular cells. While the exact role of CPPs in atherosclerosis and vascular calcification remains unclear, research on these particles is growing in importance.

ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Low bone turnover is associated with plain X-ray vascular calcification in predialysis patients

Ricardo Neto et al.

Summary: This study found that vascular calcification is highly prevalent in predialysis patients with chronic kidney disease, especially in those with diabetes. An independent factor associated with vascular calcification is low bone formation rate. Therefore, there is an important interaction between bone and vessel in chronic kidney disease patients.

PLOS ONE (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Is dual-energy absorptiometry accurate in the assessment of bone status of patients with chronic kidney disease?

K. Kim et al.

Summary: TBS and cQCT may accurately assess bone status in CKD patients as DXA could overestimate LS BMD, potentially due to increased AAC volume.

OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL (2021)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Osteocalcin and vascular function: is there a cross-talk?

Alexander Tacey et al.

Summary: Current research on the interaction between OC and vascular function has produced conflicting results in humans, with some studies showing an association between total OC and vascular function while others do not. Animal studies indicate that direct administration of ucOC to blood vessels has minimal impact on endothelial function and no adverse effects. In vitro studies on human endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells also suggest that ucOC treatment does not negatively influence cellular function, indicating a potential future therapeutic target for metabolic diseases.

MOLECULAR METABOLISM (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Vitamin D Supplementation for Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analyses of Trials Investigating the Response to Supplementation and an Overview of Guidelines

Marilena Christodoulou et al.

Summary: This study found that a high proportion of patients with chronic kidney disease are deficient in vitamin D, and the effect of vitamin D supplementation on PTH concentrations is inconsistent. Current guidelines recommend vitamin D management for CKD patients in different stages, with analogues consistently reducing PTH levels.

CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL (2021)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Cardiovascular Disease in Chronic Kidney Disease Pathophysiological Insights and Therapeutic Options

Joachim Jankowski et al.

Summary: Patients with chronic kidney disease face an increased risk of cardiovascular events, with advanced CKD stages significantly elevating the risk. Cardiovascular events, rather than end-stage kidney disease, are the leading cause of death in this high-risk population, and CKD causes a proinflammatory state that affects the cardiovascular system.

CIRCULATION (2021)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Bone Biopsy for Histomorphometry in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): State-of-the-Art and New Perspectives

Luca Dalle Carbonare et al.

Summary: Bone biopsy for histomorphometric analysis provides quantitative information on bone remodeling and structure, particularly useful in diagnosing bone diseases such as renal osteodystrophy. Despite being the gold standard, its limited use is attributed to lack of expertise, cost, invasiveness, and pain associated with the procedure. Implementing sedation, standardizing analyses, and utilizing new tools can optimize the approach and utility of bone biopsy in managing CKD patients.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE (2021)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Clinical Approach to Vascular Calcification in Patients With Non-dialysis Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease: Mineral-Bone Disorder-Related Aspects

Jordi Bover et al.

Summary: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) poses a high cardiovascular risk, often leading to CKD-mineral and bone disorders (CKD-MBDs) and subsequent vascular calcifications, which are prevalent and aggressive in CKD patients. Vascular calcification (VC) is a significant concern in CKD management, with potential implications for therapeutic interventions and patient risk stratification.

FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

The Clinical Value of Klotho and FGF23 in Cardiac Valve Calcification Among Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Yan Chen et al.

Summary: This study aimed to investigate the clinical value of serum Klotho and FGF23 in cardiac valve calcification in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Findings showed that with the decrease of GFR in CKD patients, the serum levels of FGF23 increased, while the serum levels of Klotho decreased. Various factors influence FGF23 and Klotho levels, and they are negatively correlated in CKD patients. GFR, serum creatinine, FGF23, and Klotho were identified as independent risk factors for heart valve calcification in patients with CKD.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GENERAL MEDICINE (2021)

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Review Urology & Nephrology

Where are we now? Emerging opportunities and challenges in the management of secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with non-dialysis chronic kidney disease

Markus Ketteler et al.

Summary: Elevated levels of parathyroid hormone in non-dialysis CKD patients are associated with increased morbidity and mortality risks, but managing secondary hyperparathyroidism presents challenges. There is currently no established target level for PTH, and monitoring and correcting insufficient 25(OH)D levels are important but the specific target levels are unclear. Treatment options are limited and controversial, with novel approaches like extended-release calcifediol showing potential benefit in lowering PTH levels.

JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY (2021)

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Review Physiology

Correlation Between Soluble Klotho and Vascular Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

QiFeng Liu et al.

Summary: The meta-analysis confirms a significant association between decreased levels of soluble Klotho (sKlotho) and increased risk of vascular calcification (VC) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), supporting the potential use of sKlotho as a biomarker for VC in this population. Additional large prospective studies or interventional clinical trials are needed to validate these findings.

FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Sclerostin and DKK1 circulating levels associate with low bone turnover in patients with chronic kidney disease Stages 3 and 4

Ricardo Neto et al.

Summary: The study found that in CKD patients, high bone turnover is associated with worse renal function, lower serum calcium, and higher levels of intact parathyroid hormone and fibroblast growth factor-23. On the other hand, patients with low bone turnover presented with higher levels of sclerostin but lower levels of DKK1 and sRANKL.

CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL (2021)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

The relationship between calcification inhibitor levels in chronic kidney disease and the development of atherosclerosis

Can Sevinc et al.

Summary: The study aimed to investigate factors affecting atherosclerosis development and the role of calcification inhibitors in progress. Results showed a negative linear relationship between fetuin-A levels and various markers of atherosclerosis, suggesting its potential as an early marker for increased cardiovascular risk in CKD patients. Recognition of these risk factors is crucial, highlighting the need for further studies on vascular calcification inhibitors.

RENAL FAILURE (2021)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Vascular calcification of chronic kidney disease: A brief review

Bang-Gee Hsu et al.

Summary: Vascular calcification is common in patients with chronic kidney disease and may be related to abnormal mineral metabolism, with regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation into osteogenic cells. There are various imaging modalities for evaluating VC, and while there is no universally accepted treatment method, medical therapy may be beneficial for the condition.

TZU CHI MEDICAL JOURNAL (2021)

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Article Transplantation

Valvular heart disease and calcification in CKD: more common than appreciated

Pablo Urena-Torres et al.

NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION (2020)

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Review Urology & Nephrology

Association of non-invasive measures of subclinical atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness with mortality and major cardiovascular events in chronic kidney disease: systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies

Panayiotis Kouis et al.

CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL (2020)

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Review Urology & Nephrology

Sclerostin: a new biomarker of CKD-MBD

Andreja Figurek et al.

INTERNATIONAL UROLOGY AND NEPHROLOGY (2020)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

The association between chronic kidney disease, falls, and fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis

N. A. Goto et al.

OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL (2020)

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Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

New insights into endogenous mechanisms of protection against arterial calcification

Ricardo Villa-Bellosta

ATHEROSCLEROSIS (2020)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

The relationship between sclerostin and carotid artery atherosclerosis in patients with stage 3-5 chronic kidney disease

Ban Zhao et al.

INTERNATIONAL UROLOGY AND NEPHROLOGY (2020)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Added Value of Impact Microindentation in the Evaluation of Bone Fragility: A Systematic Review of the Literature

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Arterial Stiffness Assessed by Oscillometric Method in Kidney Transplant, Predialysis, and Dialysis Patients

Piotr Olczyk et al.

TRANSPLANTATION PROCEEDINGS (2020)

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Matrix Gla protein is an independent predictor of both intimal and medial vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease

Armand M. G. Jaminon et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2020)

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Review Food Science & Technology

Parathyroid Hormone: A Uremic Toxin

Eduardo J. Duque et al.

TOXINS (2020)

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Calciprotein Particles and Serum Calcification Propensity: Hallmarks of Vascular Calcifications in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Ciprian N. Silaghi et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE (2020)

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Trabecular bone score in patients with chronic kidney disease

C. Rampersad et al.

OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL (2020)

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Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 and α-Klotho Protein Are Associated with Adverse Clinical Outcomes in Non-Dialysis CKD Patients

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KIDNEY & BLOOD PRESSURE RESEARCH (2020)

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Vitamin K deficiency: an emerging player in the pathogenesis of vascular calcification and an iatrogenic consequence of therapies in advanced renal disease

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Serum Klotho, Cardiovascular Events, and Mortality in Nondiabetic Chronic Kidney Disease

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CARDIORENAL MEDICINE (2020)

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Involvement of Vitamin K-Dependent Proteins in Vascular Calcification

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JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS (2019)

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Arterial Stiffness as a Risk Factor for Subclinical Coronary Artery Calcification in Predialysis Chronic Kidney Disease: From the KNOW-CKD Study

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Circulating Fetuin-A and Risk of All-Cause Mortality in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Zhongwei Zhou et al.

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Serum Calcification Propensity and Clinical Events in CKD

Joshua D. Bundy et al.

CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY (2019)

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Novel insights into parathyroid hormone: report of The Parathyroid Day in Chronic Kidney Disease

Pablo A. Urena-Torres et al.

CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL (2019)

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Review Urology & Nephrology

Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder (CKD-MBD): Current Perspectives

Bala Waziri et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY AND RENOVASCULAR DISEASE (2019)

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Management of Osteoporosis in CKD

Pascale Khairallah et al.

CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY (2018)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

HR-pQCT detects alterations in bone microstructure in men with CKD stages 3 and 4, which are influenced by hormonal changes and body composition

Francisco P. Paranhos-Neto et al.

CLINICAL NEPHROLOGY (2018)

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Review Urology & Nephrology

Fracture risk and treatment in chronic kidney disease

Kelsey Connelly et al.

CURRENT OPINION IN NEPHROLOGY AND HYPERTENSION (2018)

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Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Coronary Calcium Score and Cardiovascular Risk

Philip Greenland et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY (2018)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Diagnostic Accuracy of Biomarkers and Imaging for Bone Turnover in Renal Osteodystrophy

Syazrah Salam et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY (2018)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Fibroblast growth factor-23 is a strong predictor of insulin resistance among chronic kidney disease patients

Ahmed Fayed et al.

RENAL FAILURE (2018)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Relationship between brachial-ankle and heart-femoral pulse wave velocities and the rapid decline of kidney function

Sung Woo Lee et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2018)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Bone and mineral disorders in chronic kidney disease: implications for cardiovascular health and ageing in the general population

Adrian Covic et al.

LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY (2018)

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FGF23 Actions on Target Tissues-with and without Klotho

Beatrice Richter et al.

FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY (2018)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Physiological Actions of Fibroblast Growth Factor-23

Reinhold G. Erben

FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY (2018)

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The Role of Vitamin D in CKD Stages 3 to 4: Report of a Scientific Workshop Sponsored by the National Kidney Foundation

Michal L. Melamed et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES (2018)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Relationships between abdominal aortic calcification, glomerular filtration rate, and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with non-dialysis dependent chronic kidney disease

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CLINICAL NEPHROLOGY (2018)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Association Between Plasma Concentration of Klotho Protein, Osteocalcin, Leptin, Adiponectin, and Bone Mineral Density in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

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Forecasting life expectancy, years of life lost, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 250 causes of death: reference and alternative scenarios for 2016-40 for 195 countries and territories

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NUTRIENTS (2018)

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Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 Predicts All-Cause Mortality in a Dose-Response Fashion in Pre-Dialysis Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

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Blood Calcification Propensity, Cardiovascular Events, and Survival in Patients Receiving Hemodialysis in the EVOLVE Trial

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Total and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase are associated with bone mineral density over time in end-stage renal disease patients starting dialysis

Annelie Bergman et al.

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Bone Histo-Morphology in Chronic Kidney Disease Mineral Bone Disorder

Khuraijam Bembem et al.

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Adynamic bone disease is a predominant bone pattern in early stages of chronic kidney disease

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Bone density, microarchitecture, and material strength in chronic kidney disease patients at the time of kidney transplantation

M. J. Perez-Saez et al.

OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL (2017)

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Comparison of Intact PTH and Bio-lntact PTH Assays Among Non-Dialysis Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease Patients

Yael Einbinder et al.

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New insights into the Mechanism of Action of Soluble Klotho

George D. Dalton et al.

FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY (2017)

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Editorial Material Urology & Nephrology

KDIGO 2017 Clinical Practice Guideline Update for the Diagnosis, Evaluation, Prevention, and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder (CKD-MBD) Foreword

David C. Wheeler et al.

KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL SUPPLEMENTS (2017)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Profile of chronic kidney disease related-mineral bone disorders in newly diagnosed advanced predialysis diabetic kidney disease patients: A hospital based cross-sectional study

S. Ray et al.

DIABETES & METABOLIC SYNDROME-CLINICAL RESEARCH & REVIEWS (2017)

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Review Urology & Nephrology

Klotho/FGF23 Axis in Chronic Kidney Disease and Cardiovascular Disease

Xiang Lu et al.

KIDNEY DISEASES (2017)

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Article Medical Laboratory Technology

Assessment of bone turnover markers to predict mineral and bone disorder in men with pre-dialysis non-diabetic chronic kidney disease

Joseph Jessy Davina et al.

CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA (2017)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Use of Extended-Release Calcifediol to Treat Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in Stages 3 and 4 Chronic Kidney Disease

Stuart M. Sprague et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY (2016)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Sclerostin as a new key factor in vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease stages 3 and 4

Wei Lv et al.

INTERNATIONAL UROLOGY AND NEPHROLOGY (2016)

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Article Physiology

Plasma Desphospho-Uncarboxylated Matrix Gla Protein as a Marker of Kidney Damage and Cardiovascular Risk in Advanced Stage of Chronic Kidney Disease

Ilona Kurnatowska et al.

KIDNEY & BLOOD PRESSURE RESEARCH (2016)

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Article Physiology

Serum Alkaline Phosphatase Levels are Not Associated with Increased Death Risk in Prevalent Hemodialysis Patients: 5-Year Experience in a Single Hemodialysis Center

Jin-Gang Zhu et al.

KIDNEY & BLOOD PRESSURE RESEARCH (2016)

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Review Urology & Nephrology

Changing bone patterns with progression of chronic kidney disease

Tilman B. Drueeke et al.

KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL (2016)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

FGF-23 and Osteoprotegerin but not Fetuin-A are associated with death and enhance risk prediction in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease stages 3-5.

Helen V. Alderson et al.

NEPHROLOGY (2016)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Prevalence of CKD-MBD in pre-dialysis patients using biochemical markers in Enugu, South-East Nigeria

Julius U. Okoye et al.

AFRICAN HEALTH SCIENCES (2015)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Vascular Calcification in Patients with Nondialysis CKD over 3 Years

Jose L. Gorriz et al.

CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY (2015)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Prevalence of Vertebral Fractures, Vascular Calcifications, and Mortality in Warfarin Treated Hemodialysis Patients

Maria Fusaro et al.

CURRENT VASCULAR PHARMACOLOGY (2015)

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Editorial Material Urology & Nephrology

Sclerostin levels in CKD patients: an important, but not definitive, step on the way to clinical use

Pierre Delanaye et al.

KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL (2015)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Soluble α-Klotho Serum Levels in Chronic Kidney Disease

Silverio Rotondi et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY (2015)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

An Overview of the Metabolic Functions of Osteocalcin

Jianwen Wei et al.

CURRENT OSTEOPOROSIS REPORTS (2015)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Low bone mineral density and fractures in stages 3-5 CKD: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis

R. C. Bucur et al.

OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL (2015)

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Article Cell Biology

Undercarboxylated osteocalcin as a biomarker of subclinical atherosclerosis in non-dialysis patients with chronic kidney disease

Minfang Zhang et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE (2015)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Bone Mineral Density and Serum Biochemical Predictors of Bone Loss in Patients with CKD on Dialysis

Hartmut H. Malluche et al.

CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY (2014)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Serum Sclerostin and Adverse Outcomes in Nondialyzed Chronic Kidney Disease Patients

Mehmet Kanbay et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2014)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Interaction between phosphorus and parathyroid hormone in non-dialysis CKD patients under nephrology care

Luca De Nicola et al.

JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY (2014)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Abdominal aortic calcification and renal resistive index in patients with chronic kidney disease: is there a connection?

Gabriel Stefan et al.

JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY (2014)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Serum Calcification Propensity Predicts All-Cause Mortality in Predialysis CKD

Edward R. Smith et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY (2014)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Bone: a new endocrine organ at the heart of chronic kidney disease and mineral and bone disorders

Marc G. Vervloet et al.

LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY (2014)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Circulating α-Klotho Levels in CKD and Relationship to Progression

Hyoung Rae Kim et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES (2013)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Plasma Klotho is not related to kidney function and does not predict adverse outcome in patients with chronic kidney disease

Sarah Seiler et al.

KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL (2013)

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Review Urology & Nephrology

Evaluating bone quality in patients with chronic kidney disease

Hartmut H. Malluche et al.

NATURE REVIEWS NEPHROLOGY (2013)

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Editorial Material Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Medial and Intimal Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease: Stressing the Contributions

Maximillian Rogers et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION (2013)

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Article Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging

Comparison of dual-source and electron-beam CT for the assessment of coronary artery calcium scoring

N. Reinsch et al.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY (2012)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Serum levels of soluble secreted α-Klotho are decreased in the early stages of chronic kidney disease, making it a probable novel biomarker for early diagnosis

Yoshiko Shimamura et al.

CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL NEPHROLOGY (2012)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Combined Use of Vitamin D Status and FGF23 for Risk Stratification of Renal Outcome

Chikako Nakano et al.

CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY (2012)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Role of fetuin-A in atherosclerosis associated with diabetic patients

Monika Singh et al.

JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACOLOGY (2012)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Nanoparticle-Based Test Measures Overall Propensity for Calcification in Serum

Andreas Pasch et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY (2012)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Bone mineral density by DXA and HR pQCT can discriminate fracture status in men and women with stages 3 to 5 chronic kidney disease

S. A. Jamal et al.

OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL (2012)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Applicability of fibroblast growth factor 23 for evaluation of risk of vertebral fracture and chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disease in elderly chronic kidney disease patients

Eiichiro Kanda et al.

BMC NEPHROLOGY (2012)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Bone Alkaline Phosphatase and Mortality in Dialysis Patients

Christiane Drechsler et al.

CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY (2011)

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Review Urology & Nephrology

Secondary Hyperparathyroidism: Pathogenesis, Disease Progression, and Therapeutic Options

John Cunningham et al.

CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY (2011)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Effects of peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis on arterial stiffness compared with predialysis patients

L. Yang et al.

CLINICAL NEPHROLOGY (2011)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 and Risks of Mortality and End-Stage Renal Disease in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Tamara Isakova et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2011)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Discriminants of Prevalent Fractures in Chronic Kidney Disease

Thomas L. Nickolas et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY (2011)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

The Circulating Inactive Form of Matrix Gla Protein Is a Surrogate Marker for Vascular Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Preliminary Report

Leon J. Schurgers et al.

CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY (2010)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Bone Mass and Microarchitecture in CKD Patients with Fracture

Thomas L. Nickolas et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY (2010)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Coronary artery calcification and mortality in diabetic patients with proteinuria

Yi-Wen Chiu et al.

KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL (2010)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Low-Dose Alfacalcidol Controls Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in Predialysis Chronic Kidney Disease

Helmut Reichel

NEPHRON CLINICAL PRACTICE (2010)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D as an independent determinant of 1-84 PTH and bone mineral density in non-diabetic predialysis CKD patients

Kodo Tomida et al.

BONE (2009)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Association of fetuin-A levels with the progression of aortic valve calcification in non-dialyzed patients

Ralf Koos et al.

EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL (2009)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

The emerging role of phosphate in vascular calcification

Cecilia M. Giachelli

KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL (2009)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Trends in mineral metabolism: Kidney Early Evaluation Program (KEEP) and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2004

Joseph A. Vassalotti et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES (2008)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Utility of serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP5b) as a bone resorption marker in patients with chronic kidney disease: independence from renal dysfunction

Shinsuke Yamada et al.

CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY (2008)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Role of Bone Biopsy in Stages 3 to 4 Chronic Kidney Disease

Anca Gal-Moscovici et al.

CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY (2008)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Serum Alkaline Phosphatase Predicts Mortality among Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients

Deborah L. Regidor et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY (2008)

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Article Medical Laboratory Technology

Evaluation of a fully automated serum assay for total N-terminal propeptide of type I collagen in postmenopausal osteoporosis

Patrick Garnero et al.

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY (2008)

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Review Urology & Nephrology

Metabolic bone disease in chronic kidney disease

Kevin J. Martin et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY (2007)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Prevalence of abnormal serum vitamin D, PTH, calcium, and phosphorus in patients with chronic kidney disease: Results of the study to evaluate early kidney disease

A. Levin et al.

KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL (2007)

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Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Expert consensus document on arterial stiffness: methodological issues and clinical applications

Stephane Laurent et al.

EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL (2006)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Suppression of aging in mice by the hormone Klotho

H Kurosu et al.

SCIENCE (2005)

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Article Transplantation

A simple vascular calcification score predicts cardiovascular risk in haemodialysis patients

T Adragao et al.

NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION (2004)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Correlation between histomorphometric parameters of bone resorption and serum type 5b tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase in uremic patients on maintenance hemodialysis

PL Chu et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES (2003)

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Article Peripheral Vascular Disease

Arterial calcifications, arterial stiffness, and cardiovascular risk in end-stage renal disease

J Blacher et al.

HYPERTENSION (2001)

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