Association of GSTM1 Polymorphism and Redox Potential with Idiopathic Male Infertility

Background: The aim of this case-control study is to investigate possible associations between GSTM1 polymorphism and redox potential with sperm parameters. Methods: The study group consisted of sperm samples from 51 infertile men according to the WHO guidelines. The control group included 39 samples from men with normal seminal parameters. DNA was extracted and genotyped for the detection of the GSTM1 polymorphism. An evaluation of the static redox potential (sORP) using the MiOXSYS (TM) system was conducted. Results: The frequency of the GSTM1-null genotype was higher in infertile male individuals (60.78%) than in the controls (41.03%) and was associated with a 2.228-fold increased risk for male infertility. Fertile controls carrying the GSTM1-null genotype presented a lower percentage of typical sperm morphology and lower slow progressive motility. An excess of redox potential was observed in infertile males compared to fertile ones. In the control group higher sORP values had a positive correlation with immotility percentage and a negative correlation regarding total motility. In the study group sORP values had a negative correlation with total count, concentration, and slow progressive motility. Conclusions: The present study highlights that GSTM1 polymorphism and redox potential affect both fertile and in fertile males. Moreover, redox potential levels could be used as an additional indicator along with the routine semen analysis for a comprehensive screening between infertile and fertile men.

Automated summary

This case-control study found associations between GSTM1 polymorphism and redox potential with male infertility. The frequency of the GSTM1-null genotype was higher in infertile men and was associated with an increased risk for male infertility. Fertile controls carrying the GSTM1-null genotype showed lower sperm morphology and slow progressive motility. Additionally, infertile males exhibited higher levels of redox potential compared to fertile ones. The study suggests that GSTM1 polymorphism and redox potential may have an impact on both fertile and infertile males.